Journal of Agriculture. 



1^8 Jan.. 1907. 



without the necessity of disturbing the other limbs or loosening any tie- 

 ropes. 



A point essential to safety when a horse is thrown is, that the head 

 should be constantly kept down on the ground. With the head kept 

 down, horses invariably refrain from struggling or attempting to rise, in 

 fact, they are pow'erless to rise when the head is close on the ground. 

 This latter statement ought tO' be qualified somewhat in regard to horses 

 that are under the influence of chloroform, because in the delirious stage 

 of chlorofoTm anaesthesia, the controlling influence of keeping the head 

 down is often not apparent. 



Fie. 



Throwincr hobbles. 



Throwing Cattle. — To safely and easily throw calves for castration 

 or other operation, attach a strap or rope round the pastern or above the 

 fetlock of the fore and hind limbs of the iside on which it is desired 

 the animal should lie ; then pass the ends of the rope to the opposite 

 side and pull on them, at the same time giving the bodv a push over 

 from the pulling side. 



To throw bulls or non-pregnant cows, advantage is taken of the fact 

 that when they are nipped or compressed round the flank and chest they 

 will almost invariablv roll o\-er or lie down. A long rope is required, and 

 it is attached by one end round the horns or neck, or tO' the halter. It 

 is then passed along the top of the neck, and given a half hitch round it. 

 A second half hitch is made round the chest, but with the direction of 

 the hitch reversed, and, aga'n reversing, a third half hitch is made round 

 the loins and flank, just in front of the hip points. A backward haul 

 is then made on the rope end, so as to tighten the hitches and compress 

 the chest and flanks, and the animal will quickly go down, and may be 

 secured in any position desired by roping the limbs. 



Anaesthetics (Chloroforming). 



General Anaesthesia. — The use of anaesthetics in veterinary practice 

 has become very general latterly, and for all major operations oii valuable 

 animals the patient is almost invariably first placed under the influence 

 of chloroform. The A.E.C. mixture (alcohol, i part; ether, 2 parts; 

 and chloroform, 3 parts) i.s sometimes used, it being claimed that the 

 ether counteracts the depressing action of chloroform on the heart (the 



