Journal of Agriculture. 



[8 Feb., 1907. 



one breaking or tearing out, the others still give independent support. For 

 large flesh Avounds, with heavy edges, the " quill " suture is recommended. 

 Strong goose quills or rounded sticks of strong wood (lead pencils or 

 wooden penholders do very well) are placed lengthways along the lips of 

 the wound, about half-an-inch from the edges. Thev are fixed in a posi- 



-Various patterns of suture needles. 



tion to support the wound edges by sutures passed through the wound, 

 tied to the quills on each side, and drawn tight. The wound edges are 

 thus supported, not only at the parts opposite the stitches, but along 

 their whole length. 



Tracheotomy. 



Tracheotomy is the operation of opening the trachea or windpipe. It 

 is generally performed for the relief of breathing in cases where there is 

 obstruction to respiration, either temporary or permanent, in the larynx or 

 upper part of the windpipe. The effect is often very successful in such 

 affections as "Roaring," and many horses that would be otherwise useless 

 are continuously worked with a tube fixed in the windpipe, through which 

 both inspiration and expiration take place. The operation is also per- 

 formed as a temporary expedient to prevent excessive straining during 

 calvinsf or foalinc:. 



Fig 12. — Tracheotomy — Methods of opening the trachea. 



The seat of the operation is usually the under surface of the neck, in 

 the middle line. The upper third of the neck is chosen, because the 



