S August, 1907.] 



Kxferimeiital Farms. 



453 



tion by stock. It was held by the Department and by the Advisory 

 Board that for small areas the most. profitable method of disposing of 

 the fodder raised by tillage atld irrigation would be its feeding to dairy 

 cows, the product of which in cream, and the by-products in calves and 

 pigs, would return the farmer his income. The main object, therefore, 

 of the farm is the raising of the greatest amount of fodder which the land 

 and water will permit, and its disposal, by means of the cow, as animal 

 products, butter, meat, &c. Throughout all operations, however, the 

 question is put at each turn, Will it pay ? and any work, the profitable- 

 ness of which is not beyond question is treated as an experiment, its cost 

 charged to a separate account and the farm debited with the yields. It 

 is hoped, therefore, to present farm operations and accounts in a practical 

 form, so that the farmer may apply the lesson to his own case. Mr. 

 Pagan, in an address to the Wvuna Progress Association on the possi- 



CLEARING OPERATIONS. 

 The trees pulled down showing the butts ilragged clear of the holes. 



Inlities of small irrigated blocks, ga\e such practical advice that it is 

 worth reproducing. He said, " In his opinion, holdings of ico acres of 

 good land, with irrigation, were sufficient for a man and his familv to 

 make a living. That area was certainly ample to start on. He would 

 advise that as a beginning 40 acres be put in with wheat and if the 

 land had been fallowed previously or cultivated, to sow lucerne with it. 

 If new land, then the settlers would have to wait another year for the 

 lucerne. His idea was that lucerne was the best crop. It was the thing 

 to make small areas pay. Then 10 acres should be devoted tO' other crops 

 such as Cape barley, a most excellent winter fodder, a crop one could 

 cut and cut again. On the land which had grown barley, a crop of 

 maize ot ambercane could be raised for the summer, making two crops 

 off each one piece of ground. An acre or an acre and a half of mangolds 

 should not be forgotten. It was a magnificent yielding crop and did 



