7o6 



Journal of A gri cult lire. 



[9 Dec, 1907 



The handle is somewhat longer and heavier, and has an iron strapped 

 eye on the end for the rope attachment. The shape of the ends or rockers 

 is peculiar and has, it is understood, been evolved only after long experi- 

 menting. With a scraper so heavy as this type, any method of easing the 

 work of tipping or handling is of importance and it is claimed that the 

 curve shown causes the re-tipping to be performed with the least effort 

 on the part of the man using it. On the face of the rocker is bolted a 

 piece of flat iron f inch thick by 2| inches wide and 19 inches long. The 

 bolts are passed through i inch pieces split back at the ends and turned 

 down the sides. The draw chains, which are 4 ft. 6 in. long, are attached 

 to ringbolts passing through 2 1 inches by ^ inch iron straps, two at each 

 end, being both inside and outside. Three holes are provided as shown 

 for varying draughts and work. 



At the farm, the final operation of smoothing is performed by the 

 wheeled scraper known as the American road machine. Levelling and 

 grading work on a gigantic scale are carried on at the farm under excellent 

 and economical methods ; but the purpose, the disposal of large volumes 

 of sewage profitably and quickly, is so unlike anything likely to occur in 

 ordinary irrigation practice that no further reference is called for in the 

 present article. 



THE LOG LEVELLER. 



There appears little need to describe or illustrate the various forms 

 of the ordinary scoop. They are essential farm implements but unless 

 in exceptional cases, are not so useful as the buckscraper for levelling 

 work. For small jobs, the pressed bowl one-horse scoop with fixed 

 handles is a good working type. It will take at a trip about J^th of a 

 cubic yard measured in the solid. For anything like big work and 

 moderate leads, the four-horse skid scoop is usually employed. Each 

 smith has his own little peculiarities of type, but the dimensions generally 

 are 4 feet along the cutting edge, 3 feet depth and i ft. 3 in. in height. 

 It will shift over half a cubic yard at a load. The draw bow works on 

 pins fixed near the middles of the sides, and to these pins, the handles 

 are also loosely attached. The handles are about 7 feet long and work 

 in and under lugs fixed at the back of the scoop. Bv these means. 



