9 Dec., 19C7.] Orchard Pests and Diseases. 721 



ORCHARD PESTS AND DISEASES. 



Short Instructions to Fruit-Growers. 

 A. A. Hammond , Inspector, Vegetation Diseases Acts. 



CoDLiN Moth. 



All natural harbors for grubs such as loose bark, dead or broken limbs, 

 old stakes, and props must be removed from trees and burnt not later than 

 15th September and holes in trunk or liml)S must be stopped with putty or 

 otner suitable material. 



Bandages must be placed on all apple, pear and quince trees not later 

 than I St December and should be remo\ed and cleansed weekly till ist 

 May. 



All fallen fruit must be gathered and infected fruit picked and 

 destroyed by boiling. 



Spray with arsenite of lead when fruit sets and spraying should be 

 repeated sufficiently often to keep fruit protected by mixture whilst it is on 

 the tree. If no rain falls 14 to 21 days may elapse between sprayings. 

 Spraying need not be done after 15th Alarch for late fruits and fourteen 

 days before picking for earlier fruit. 



Arsenite of Lead Formula — i lb. white arsenic, 2 lbs. w'ashing soda, 

 7 lbs. acetate of lead, 360 gallons water. Directions for preparing stock 

 mixture. Boil arsenic and soda together for 30 minutes in \ gallon water. 

 Dissolve acetate of lead in i gallon of warm water. When cool pour arsenite 

 of soda slowly into acetate of lead solution. Stir and bottle. Use i pint 

 to 30 gallons of cold soft water. The mixture should be applied with a 

 fine spray. 



San Jose Scale. 



Affected trees must be cut well back at pruning and all suckers and 

 prunings burnt. Spray with lime sulphur and salt, or red oil emulsion 

 in winter and give at least two sprayings befoiie buds swell. 



Lime Sulplnir and Salt Wash Formida. — 30 lbs. unslaked lime, 20 

 lbs. sulphur, 15 lbs. coarse salt, 60 gallons water. Place 10 lbs. of lime 

 and 20 lbs. of sulphur in an iron vessel and boil for i\ hours in 16 gallons 

 of water. Slake remainder of lime with hot water and add salt whilst 

 slaking. Add this to boiling mixture and boil for \ hour longer. Make 

 up to 60 gallons with fairlv hot water. Strain tlirough hessian and applv 

 with coarse nozzle. 



Red Oil Emulsion {Winter Strength). — i gallon red oil, i lb. soft 

 I lb. soft soap, 14 gallons of water. 



Red Oil Emulsion {Summer Strength). — 1 gallon red oil. i 11). soft 

 soap, 30 to 32 gallons water. 



Boil I gallon of Avater and in it dissolxe soap. Remove from fire and 

 add oil. Replace on fire and bring to boil, stirring occasional! v. Then 

 churn for 5 minutes with a garden syringe or by jnmiping mixture into 

 itself through nozzle. Make up to required strength with tairlx- hot water. 



Peach Aphis. 

 Spray with tobacco wash as soon as aphis appears. 



Tobacco Wash Formula. — i lb. waste tobacco, \ lb. soft soap, 5 

 gallons water. Steep tobacco for 24 hours. Heat remainder of water 



