420 ANATID^E. 



Sir R. Payue-Gallwej' states that in 1879 he obsevvecT on the 

 east coast two Ducks of a very unsuspicious nature, which, 

 on being secured, proved to be Ferruginous Ducks (' Fowler 

 in Ireland,' p. 101). 



On the Continent the summer range of this species ex- 

 tends little, if at all, beyond 57° N. lat., and Mr. Benzon 

 does not think that it breeds in any part of Denmark 

 proper ; although it does so in Scbleswig-Holsteiu, 

 Northern Germany, the Netherlands, and, perhaps, in the 

 northern portion of France. In Russia, Mr. J. H. Gurney, 

 jun., obtained a nestling not half fledged, in the Moscow 

 market, on the 16th of September ; and southwards the 

 species is found breeding in Russian Poland, Galizia, the 

 valley of the Danube, and, in fact, in suitable localities 

 throughout the greater part of Central and Southern 

 Europe, down to Spain on the west and the Volga on the 

 east ; its numbers in the southern districts being largely 

 augmented during the cold season by migrants from the 

 north. It straggles to the Canaries ; breeds in Morocco 

 and Algeria ; and is abundant in winter along the Nile 

 valley as far as Nubia. Both on migration and in the breed- 

 ing-season, it is found in Asia Minor, and, often at con- 

 siderable elevations, in Persia, Eastern and Western Turkes- 

 tan, Kashgaria, and Kashmir ; in the latter, according to 

 Mr. Hume, boat-loads of its eggs are brought into Srinugger 

 market in the season. During the cold weather it is found 

 in suitable localities throughout Northern and Central India : 

 probably as far east as Chittagong, and, according to Blyth, 

 in Arrakan. Dr. 0. Finscli makes the remarkable statement 

 that he found it at Obdorsk, near the Arctic Circle ; but it is 

 not mentioned by any authorities on the ornithology of Mon- 

 golia or China, with the exception of the Abbe David, who 

 says that it is common in spring in the province of Pekin ; 

 and it has been obtained in Japan. The accuracy of Fabers' 

 identification of it in Iceland may reasonably be doubted, as 

 may also that of Mr. March as to Jamaica. 



The nest is described by Lord Lilford as placed amongst 

 high rushes, at a short distance from the water, and com- 



