GOOSANDER. 



493 



black ; secondaries white ; lower part of the neck in front, 

 and all the under surface of the body delicate salmon-buff ; 

 legs and and toes orange-red, the webs rather darker ; the 

 whole length of the bird is twenty-six inches and a half; 

 from the point of the wing to the end of the longest quill- 

 feather eleven inches. 



In the female the bill and irides like those of the male, 

 but not so bright in colour ; head and upper part of the 

 neck reddish-brown ; the occipital feathers elongated ; back, 

 scapulars, inner secondaries, wing-coverts, rump, upper tail- 

 coverts and tail ash-grey ; wing-primaries lead-grey ; secon- 

 daries white ; chin and lower part of the neck in front, 

 white ; breast, and under surface of the body tinged with 

 buflf; sides and flanks ash-grey; legs and feet orange-red. 

 The female is rather smaller than the male. 



Young birds in their first plumage resemble the female, 

 but males in this state may be recognized by feeling down 

 the neck in the line of the windpipe, with the finger and 

 thumb : males having two enlargements on the tube, while 

 in females the windpipe is uniform in size throughout its 

 length. Young males may also be distinguished by a rudi- 

 mentary dark collar at the base of the neck ; they do not 

 assume the plumage by which their sex is distinguished till 

 the second year. 



The form of the trachea is shown in the vignette below. 



