170 CAl'ITOKID^ TKACHYPHONUS 



Genus V. TRACHYPHONUS. 



Type. 

 Trachyphonus, lianzani, Elcm. Zool. Ucc. iii, pt. 2, 



p. 159 (1821) T. cafer. 



Edges of the upper mandible smooth without tooth ; cuhiien 

 rounded between the nostrils and boldly curved from base to tip ; 

 nostrils large and exposed, not concealed by the bristles, which are 

 but poorly developed ; a bare space round the eye ; chin bristles 

 few and small ; wing rounded, tail somewhat graduated ; the 

 difference between the length of the inner and outer feathers 

 about half the length of the tarsus. 



According to Shelley this genus contains four species, all of 

 which are confined to Africa ; only one of these is found within 

 our area. 



458. Trachyphonus cafer. Levalllaiit's Barhct. 



Le Promepic, Levaill. Promerojps, p. 77, pi. 32 (1806). 



Pious cafer, Vieill. N. Diet. H. N. xxiv, p. 102 (1818). 



Trachyphonus vaillanti, Banzani, Elem. Zool. Ucc. iii, pt. 2, p. 159 

 (1821). 



Polysticte quopopa, Smith, Eep. Exj)- Centr. Afr. p. 53 (1836). 



Capito vaillanti, Lai/ard, B. S. Afr. p. 235 (1867). 



Trachyphonus cafer, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 139, pi. 36 (1870) ; 

 Layard, Ibis, 1871, p. 226 [Kanye] ; Ayrcs, ibid. p. 260; Buckley, 

 Ibis, 1874, p. 368; Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 200 [Rustenburg] ; Ayres, 

 Ibis, 1879, p. 295 ; Oates, Matabeleland, p. 306 (1881) ; Holiib d 

 Pehcln, Orn. Siid-Afr. p. 162 (1882); Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 249 

 [Bechuanaland] ; Hartlaub, Ibis, 1886, p. 107 ; Shelley, Cat. B. M. 

 xix, p. 100 (1891) ; id. B. Afr. i, p. 129 (1896) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1897, 

 p. 501 [Zululand] ; Woodward Bros. Natal Birds, p. Ill (1899) 

 Marshall, Ibis, 1900, p. 251 [Mashonaland] ; Alexander, ibid. p. 427 

 [Zambesi]. 



Description. Adult male. — Front half of crown and sides of 

 the head and face including the ear-coverts and cheeks sulphur- 

 yellow, the feathers tipped with red ; a strong crest on the hinder 

 part of the crown black ; mantle, wings and tail black, most of 

 the feathers tipped and spotted with white ; lower back and rump 

 sulphur-yellow, upper tail-coverts crimson ; chin and throat sulphur- 

 yellow followed by a broad black pectoral band, a few of the feathers 

 of which are tipped with rosy-white, a white patch on either side 

 below the black pectoral band extending somewhat imperfectly 

 across the chest ; rest of the lower surface sulphur-yellow, the 



