BIRDS AND HEALTH 



tumours under the skin, and in the car and nostril 

 cavities of animals. 



Mosquitoes inoculate man with a parasite which 

 causes malarial and yellow fevers. We strongly 

 suspect it of being one of the agents in the spread of 

 other diseases, both animal and human. 



Ticks are the transports which carry a variety of 



Donkey dying of ngana, or tse-tse fly disease. Blood-sucking 

 flies are the cause of sleeping sickness in man and ngana 

 in animals. They effectively check the spread of the 

 human race in Africa. Ground-feeding hints eat the 

 pupae, and fly-catchers and swallows snap up the flies. 



terrible diseases to household pets and stock animals. 

 Fresh water snails are the hosts of the liver, fluke, 

 and bilharzia parasite. 



A host of species and kinds of birds unknown to 

 the majority of people are waging a relentless warfare 

 on these disease-carrying insects. The maggots and 

 chrysalides are devoured in countless numbers by water 

 fowl, guinea-fowls, partridges, pheasants, quails, larks, 

 plovers, crakes, rails, and dozens of other kinds of 

 birds. The wagtails, fly-catchers, swallows, swifts, 

 thrushes, warblers, sunbirds, bee-eaters, drongos, and 



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