DEXDROCOPUS. 35 



coverts wholly or chiefly white, and the quills spotted with white 

 on both webs, the spots forming interrupted bands ; the four 

 median tail-feathers black ; the others banded fulvous white and 

 black, and sometimes havinsj the outer webs almost or entireh 



Fig. 12. — Head of i>. hlmalayensis (^ . 



white ; lower parts light brownish grey, sometimes almost white ; 

 the lower abdomen more fulvous ; vent and lower tail-coverts pale^ 

 crimson. 



In the female the crown and occiput are black, like the back. 



Bill leaden grey ; upper mandible blackish ; irides red-brown : 

 legs and feet dark greenish brown. 



Length 9-5 ; tail 3 5 ; wing 5"2 ; tarsus '9 ; bill from gape 1*35. 



Cashmere birds are much paler beneath than those from other 

 localities, and are often almost white below. A male skin in the 

 Hume Collection from Kotgai'h has the lower parts from the 

 breast suffused with red. 



Distribution. The "Western Himalayas from Kumaun to Murree, 

 also Gilgit to the north, and Kuram in Afghanistan to the west. 

 This Woodpecker breeds according to Hume between 3000 and 

 8000 feet, but Jerdon found it common up to 10,000, Biddulph 

 met with it between 9000 and 10,000 in Gilgit, and Stoliczba up 

 to 11,000 in Chini. 



Habits, Sj-c. Breeds from the middle of April to the end of May 

 in holes in trees as usual, trunks of oaks being often selected. 

 The eggs are 4 or 5 in number, glossy and white, and measure 

 about 1 inch by '75. 



962. Dendrocopus cabanisi. The CJdnese Pied Wooclpecl-er. 



Pious cabanisi, Malherhe, J.f. Orn. 1854, p. 172. 



Picus mandarinus, Malh. Bull. Soc. d' Hist. Nat. Moselle, Vm, p. 17 



{lSr>7);Godw.-Aust. J. A. S. B. xlv, pt. 2, p. 194; Hume, S. F. \, 



p. 53, xi, p. .56; id. Cat. no. 155 bis. 

 Dendrocopus cabanisi, Hargitt, Cat. B. M. xviii, p. 218. 



This resembles D. liimalayensis on the upper surface, except in 

 having the crown of the male black and the crimson confined to 



d2 



