LOPHOCEBOS. 157 



is paler and has black patches on the top of the culmen and at 

 each side of the lower mandible, near the base in both cases. 

 Young birds have dull white or yellow irides. 



Length about 24 ; tail 9; wing 8*5 ; tarsus 1*75; bill from 

 gape 4*2o. Females measure rather less. 



Distrihxition. Forests along the Malabar coast, as far north as 

 the neighbourhood of Bombay. This Hornbill does not ascend 

 the hills of Southern India above about 3000 feet. Tockus (jinya- 

 lensis is included in Dr. King's list of Groona birds, but doubtless 

 by mistake. 



Habits, i|x. A forest species, shy, usually keeping in small flocks, 

 living on fruit, and having a peculiar call. The flight, according to 

 Bourdillon, is more rapid and easy than that of L. hirostris. 

 Mr. Baker found 3 eggs in a nest that he took ; Mr. Davidson, in 

 Kanara, 2 or 3, The latter found several nests in February and 

 the beginning of March. The breeding-habits are similar to those 

 of L. birostris. 



1064. Lophoceros gingalensis. The Ceylonese Hornbill. 



Buceros gingalensis, Skaiv, Gen. Zool. viii, p. .37 (1811); Bluth, 

 J. A. S. B. xii, p. 998 ; xvi, p. 996 ; id. Cat. p. 44 ; Layard, 

 A. M. N. H. (2) xiii, p. 260. 



Tockus gingalensis, BlytJi, Ibis, 1866, p. 350; 1867, p. 296; Holds- 

 loorth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 425; Le(ige, Ibis, 1874, p. 14; 1875, 

 p. 282 ; id. Birds Cei/l. p. 275. pi. xiv ; Elliot, Mon. Buc. pi. 55 ; 

 Hume, S. F. vii, p. 366 ; id. Cat. no. 145 bis. 



Ocyceros gingalensis, Oyilvie Grant, Cat. B. M. xvii, p. 397. 



Kcendetta, Cingalese. 



Coloration. Crown and nape greyish brown, the feathers with 

 pale shaft-stripes ; an indistinct pale superciliary band extending 

 over the ear-coverts, which are blackish ; upper parts dark ashy 

 grey, browner on the hind neck ; wing-coverts dark-edged ; quilfs 

 black ; outer webs of secondaries grey above, the five middle 

 primaries, beginning with the third, with long white tips ; tail- 

 feathers blackish brown, the middle pair throughout, the others 

 with long white terminations, the three outer pairs become entirely 

 white in old birds ; lower parts white, greyish in the young ; vent 

 and lower tail-feathers pale rufous. 



Nostril round, free from feathers. Bill in males yellowdsh 

 white, with a black patch on each side of the base of the upper 

 mandible, and another beneath the lower mandible ; in females the 

 bill is black, with a long white patch on the lower half of the 

 upper mandible ; irides red ; orbital skin black ; legs and feet 

 greenish plumbeous. 



Length about 23 ; tail 8-75; wing 8; tarsus 1*75; bill from 

 gape 4-25. Females are smaller, the wing measuring 8-25, and 

 the bill 3-4. 



Bistribtifion. Throughout Ceylon, in forest up to an elevation of 

 4000 feet. 



Habits, 4'c. Similar to those of the last species, but the flight as 



