CIRCUS. 



381 



Species of Circus are found in almost all tropical and temperate 

 countries. Six are met with in India and Burma. 



Key to the Species. 



a. Outer web of 2nd, 3rd, and 4tli quills, 



but not of i"ith, notched. 



a'. Tarsus move thau 2b long C. macnirus, p. 381. 



b'. Tarsus less than 2-5 long C. cineraceus, p. 383. 



b. Outer web of oth quill notched. 



c'. Straight from end of cere on culmen to 

 tip of bill measures less than 0'75. 



a". Upper parts ashy C. cyaneus, S ad., p. 384. 



b". Upper parts to rump black C melanoleucus, c? ad., 



c". Upper parts brown, more or less [p. 385. 



edged with buff or rufous. 

 aK Upper tail-coverts pure white . . C. cymieus, $ ad., p. 384. 

 b^. Upper tail-coverts not entirely 

 white. 

 aK Coverts along forearm white or 



buff C melanoleucus, 5 ad., 



h^. Coverts along forearm brown. [p. 385. 



a'. Abdomen buff, with darker 



shaft-stripes C. cyaneus, young, p. 384. 



b^. Abdomen rufous-brown . . C. melanoleucus, young,| 

 d' . From cere on culmen to tip of bill [p. 385.. 



is more than 0'75. 

 d". Abdomen white unstriped or buff 



with dark shaft-stripes C spilonotus, p. 388. 



e". Abdomen dark or rufous-brown, or 



rufous with dark stripes C. ceruginosus, p. 387. 



1233. Circus macrurus. The Pale Harrier. 



Accipiter macrourus, S. G. Gmel. N. Comm. Petrop. xv, p. 439, 

 pis. viii, ix (1771). 



Circus swainsoni, Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Jour, i, p. 384 (1830) ; Blyt?i, 

 Cat. p. 20 ; Horsf. ^- M. Cat. i, p. 25 ; Jerdon, B. I. i, p. 96 ; Godiv.- 

 Aust. J. A. S. B. xxxix, pt. 2, p. 265 ; Hume, Rough Notes, 

 p. 298 ; id. S. F. i, p. 408 ; Blyth, Birds Burm. p. 61 ; Butler, 

 S. F. iii, p. 447 ; v, p. 226 ; Hume ^- Bourd. S. F. iv, p. 372 ; 

 A. Anderson, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 78 ; 1876, p. 314. 



Circus pallidus, Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 80; Hwne, S. F. i, p. 160. 



Falco herb£Ecola, Tickell, J. A. S. B. ii, p. 570 (1833) ; Walden, Ibis, 

 1876, p. 342. 



Circus macrurus, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. i, p. 67 ; Ball, S. jP. vii, p. 199 ; 



Crtpps, ibid. p. 249 ; Scully, S. F. viii. p. 226 ; Hu7ne, Cat. no. 51 : 



Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 17 ; Vidal, S. F. ix, p. 33 ; Biddulph, Ibis, 



1881, p. 43 ; Scully, ibid. p. 421 ; Peid, S. F. x, p. 10 ; Davison, 



ibid. p. 338 ; Oates, B. B. ii, p. 175 ; Hume, S. F. xi, p. 13 ; Barnes, 



Birds Bom. p. 45. 



Dastmal, Girgit Mor, Pattai, H. ; Pandoum, Beng. ; Telia chappa 



gedda, Pilli gedda, Tel. ; Puna prayulu. Tarn. ; Kurmlu-goya, TJkussa, 



Cing. 



Coloration. Adult mule. Upper parts pale ashy grey, generally, 

 except in very old birds, more or less tinged with brown on the 



