382 FALCONID^. 



crown, back, scapulars, and quills ; lores whitish ; forehead and 

 above and beneath the eye white ; ear-coverts pale grey streaked 

 with white ; the ruff behind the ear-coverts differing in texture, 

 but scarcely in colour ; primaries ashy grey, 3rd, 4th, and 5th 

 black or blackish brown on part of the terminal half, some black 

 on the 2nd and 6th, the basal portion of all quills white ; upper 

 tail-coverts banded grey and white, middle tail-feathers grey 

 unbarred, the others white with grey bars ; lower parts white, 

 throat and upper breast with a faint grey tinge. 



Fig. 95. — Head of C. macrums, 5 , !• 



Adult female. Above bron^n, feathers of head and hind-neck 

 broadly margined wdth rufous or buff, and the smaller wing- 

 coverts with broad pale rufous borders ; forehead whitish, a buffy 

 white supercilium and patch below the eye ; moustachial stripe 

 and ear-coverts brown ; a well-marked ruff of small white or buff 

 feathers with broad brown shaft-stripes all round the neck, behind 

 the ear-coverts, and across the throat ; quills brown above, buff or 

 whitish below, with blackish-brown cross-bands on both sides; 

 upper tail-coverts white, with brown shaft-stripes or other 

 markings ; middle tail-feathers brown, outer feathers buff or 

 rufous-white, all with dark-brown cross-bands. Lower parts 

 white, with rufous-brown shaft-stripes, broadest on the breast ; 

 in old birds these stripes become very narrow, especially on the 

 abdomen and lower tail-coverts. 



Young birds resemble the female above, except that the feathers 

 have, at first, rufous edges throughout, there is a white nuchal 

 patch with brown shaft-stripes, and the ruff is unstreaked or 

 almost unstreaked buff and very conspicuous ; the upper tail- 

 coverts are white, the lower parts throughout are rufous-buff with 

 faint shaft-stripes. There is a gradual passage from this plumage 

 into that of the adult ; nearly adult males are often found with 

 patches of brown on the crown and brown shaft-stripes on the 

 breast. 



Bill black ; cere greenish ; iris yellow in adults, brown in the 

 young ; legs yellow. 



Length of females about 19-5 inches ; tail 10 ; wing 14-5 ; 

 tarsus 2-9 : length of males 18 ; tail 8'75 ; wing 13-75 ; tarsus 2-7. 



