GARRULAX. 153 



in May but others also in late April and throughout June. The 

 nest is a typical Laughing-Thrush's nest, a large, shallow and rather 

 untidy cup, but more tendrils are used in its construction than 1 

 have noticed in the nests of others of the genus. It is generally 

 built in dense forest, and may be placed in bushes or in saplings 

 between 3 and 20 feet from the ground. The eggs are two or three 

 in number, rather long ovals, more smooth and glossy thau the 

 eggs of most of its genus, but less so than those of Dri/onastes 

 ruJicoUis etc. They vary in colour from pure white to pale blue- 

 green, and 100 eggs average 29-2 X 20-5 mm. The extremes in 

 measurement are Sl'O X 19-8 ; 29-0 x 217; 25-5 X 19-6 and 27-8 

 19-2 mm. 



Habits. This is a Laughing-Thrush of rather high elevations, 

 seldom under 3,500 and hardly ever below 2,000 feet, even in winter, 

 though a straggler was obtained at Lakhimpur in Cac-har, practically 

 in the plains. It is a less noisy, less gregarious bird than many 

 of its nearest relations and keeps much to dense forest rather than 

 to scrub. It has a loud, rather sweet whistle in addition to the 

 usual cackling notes of its kind. 



(137) Garrulax albogularis albogularis. 



The AVhite-throated Laugiiing-Tiirush. 



lanthocivcla albogularis Gould, P. Z. S., 1835, p. 187 (Nepal). 

 Garrulax albir/nlaris. Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 82. 



Vernacular names. Karriam-pho (Lepcha). 



Description. Forehead fulvous ; lores and featliers above and 

 below eye black ; cheeks, chin and throat white; upper plumage 

 rich olive-bro\\n, tinged with fulvous on the crown and ear-coverts 

 and rusty on the upper tail-coverts ; wings brown, edged with the 

 colour of the bSck ; tail olive-brown, the four outer p:iirs of 

 feathers very broadly tipped with white ; sides of neck and a broad 

 pectoral band olive-brown ; remainder of lower plumage bright 

 ferruginous. 



Colours of soft parts. Bill black or dull black, inside of mouth 

 yellow ; legs, feet and claws pale fleshy plumbeous to darker livid 

 plumbeous ; iris greyish blue. 



Measurements. Length about 300 to 310 mm.; wing 123 to 

 133 mm., average 128 mm. ; tail 140 to 145 mm. ; tarsus about 

 43 mm.; culmen about 25 mm. 



Distribution. Nepal and Sikkim, but not in Bhutan or Assam, 

 except twice in the Barail Range in N. Cachar. 



Nidification. The only nest recorded is one taiven by myself in 

 N. Cachar. Neither nest nor eggs differ in any way from those of 

 the next and better known form. 



Habits. Similar to those of the next bird. 



