lANTIIOCIIS'CLA, 155 



Colours of soft parts. Iris red, lake-red or crimsou ; legs and 

 feet very dark browu to almost black, claws horny-brown ; bill 

 black. 



Measurements. Length about 300 to 310 mm. ; wing 132 to 

 135 mm. ; tail about 135 mm. ; tarsus about 45 to 47 mm. ; culmen 

 about 27 mm. 



Distribution. Tenasserim and North and South-West Siaui, 

 where specimens have been obtained at Kooii Tan and 8i-sa-wad. 



Nidification unknown. 



Habits. Davison says that it is a noisy but shy bird, avoiding 

 observation. " Not by any means unconnnon, occurring in small 

 flocks of twenty or more, and keeping entirely, so far as I have 

 observed, to the forest, especiall)^ to tlie ravines where this is 

 densest." 



Genus lANTHOCINCLA Gould, 1835. 



Gates applied the generic term lanthocincla to those Laughing- 

 Thrushes which have no bristles at the base of the forehead, but 

 in which the nostrils are overhung by a few long hairs. The 

 genus differs in no other respect from Gan-idax, and tlie division 

 is perhaps hardly necessary, but it is convenient for students and 

 may therefore be retained. All the species are remarkable for 

 having the secondaries tipped with white and the bill is rather 

 narrow. 



Kei/ to Species and Suhsjjecies. 



A. Crown and nape black. 



a. Upper pluuiage spotted with wliite. ... /. ocel/ata ocellata, p. 155. 



b. Upper plumage barred with black. [p. 158, 



a'. Ear-coverts black /. ruf'jgulans rufogidaris, 



h'. Ear-coverts rusty-orange I. r. occidentalis, p. 159. 



c'. Ear-coverts brown . I. r. assamensis, p. 159. 



c. Upper plumage neither barred nor [P- ^''5^' 



.^potted I. cineracea cineracea, 



B. Crown and nape ashy I. c. styani, p. 157. 



C. Crown and nape reddish brown with pale 



shafts. 



d. Lower plumage rufous-brown with white 



bars I. nusfeni aiisteni, p. 160. 



e. Lowrr ])lumage much paler, each feather 



with broad white edges I. a. victorice, p. 161. 



(140) lanthocincla ocellata ocellata. 



The Wiiitis-spotted Laughinu-Tkeush. 



Cinclop.oma ocellatum Vigors, P. Z. S., 1831, p. 15 (Himalayas). 

 lantJiociitclii oceUata. Blanf. & Gates, i, p. 84. 



Vernacular names. Llio-karreum-pho (Lepcha). 



Description, Forehead, crown and nape brownish black : face 



