374 PYC^'OX0TIDylE. 



tail 3'85, tarsus 0-7, bill l'ro.m gape 0'85. These lueasiirements 

 were taken in the flesh." [BinrfJiam.) 



Distribution. Southern Shan States, North-West Siam and 

 East Central Burma. Wickhara reports it as not uncommon at 

 Taung-gyi. 



Nidification unknown. 



Habits. According to Wickhani this is a Bulbul of liigh 

 elevations duriug the breeding season, when it is found from 

 6,000 feet upwards. In the non-breeding season it comes down 

 to lower elevations between 8,000 and 4,000 feet, going abou^. in 

 small flocks. Their note is harsh but quite typical of the family. 



Genus HEMIXUS Hodgson, 1844. 



The genus HemLvus, ol which H. flavala is the type, contains 

 two Indian species and many subspecies. It differs from 

 Microscelis in having the tail square or sliglitly rounded and its 

 outer feathers straiglit. The crest consists of a great number of 

 short but sharply-pointed feathers. The nuchal hairs are short 

 and indistinct, but the rictal bristles are strong. The wing is 

 pointed, the secondaries falling well short of the longest primaries. 



The bill is like that of Microscelis but the tarsus is slightly shorter, 

 though this is not noticeable in diy skins. 



Key to Species and Subspecies. 



A. Tail dark browu. 



a. Head aud back practicall}^ con- 



colorous H.favala flavala, p. 374. 



b. Head much darker and contrasting 



with the back. 

 a' . ]iac,k brown, tliough lighter than 



head H. fl. clavixo7ii, p. 376. 



b'. Back grey J^-Ji- hildcbrandi, p. 376. 



B. Tail green. 



c. Back green. 



c'. Breast and sides of neck strongly [p- 377. 



rufous; throat nearly pure white H.mucdellandi macclellandif 

 d' . Breast and sides of neck merely 



tinged rufous ; throat grey H. m. ticJcelli, p. 378. 



d. Back brown H. m. bingh(tmi, p. 379. 



(391) Hemixus flavaia flavala. 



The Himalayan Biiown-eareu Buluul. 



Hemixns Jlavala Hodgs., .1. A. S. B., xiv, p. 572 (184o) (Nepal) ; 

 Blauf. & Gates, i, p. 263. 



Vernacular names. NalU-pindi (Lepcha), Dao Indip-gadeha 

 (Cachari). 



Description. Upper plumage and smaller wing-coverts dark 

 ashy, the feathers of the crown edged paler and the upper tail- 

 coverts tinged with olive-green ; tail browai, tinged with olive- 



