PYCNOXOTUS. 4 21 



miicli paler iind with ear-coverts wholly silvery-white. It is 

 much less green both on upper plumage and on wings and tail 

 than pliimosKS. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris varies from yellowisti brcwn to red ; 

 eyelids plumbeous : bill brown, paler at base oF lower mandible and 

 gape; mouth Hesb-ccilour ; legs plumbeous, claws horn-colour. 



Measurements as in tlie other races. Wing 85 to 89 mm. ; 

 cnlmen about 15 mm. 



Distribution. Practically the whole of Burma, North of Ean- 

 goon, the Kachin Hills, North and Central Siaiii, 8lian States 

 and Annam. 



Nidification. Siuiilar in every way to that of the last bird. 

 Eggs and nests are indistinguishable and the clutches are the same 

 in number, i.e. two or three. As a series tliev are even more 

 poorly n)arked than those of liobinson's Olive Bulbul, Forty eggs 

 average 20"6 x 15-7 nim. 



The breeding season must be veiy extended, as eggs have been 

 seut me taken from earlv March to late iVugust and, probably, 

 like most of the common Bulbuls, they breed more or less through- 

 out the year. 



Habits. Those of the last bird. They are said to have a very 

 harsh note when disturbed and like all Bulbuls under these cir- 

 cuuistances, erect their crests as they make the call. 



(•^37) Pycnonotus simplex simplex. 



Mooke's Olive Bulbul. 



Pi/cnonotus simplex Less., llev. Zool., 1839, p. 107 (Sumatia); 

 Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 292. 



Vernacular names. None recorded. 



Description. Upper plumage brown with a greenish tinge, 

 slightly fulvous on the rump and upper tail-coverts; wings and 

 tail brown, the outer webs washed with greenish ; whole lo\^er 

 plumage huffy-brown, slightly streaked in places with darker 

 ochraceous ; under tail-coverts dark ochraceous with paler edges; 

 under wing- coverts and edge of wing pale ochraceous. 



Colours of soft parts. Iris orange-red, pale red, whity-pink; 

 upper mandible dark horny-brown, lower mandible paler; legs and 

 feet fleshy- or retldish-brown. 



Measurements. About the same as plumosus. Wing 8U to 

 88 mm. ; culmen about 15 mm. 



Distribution. Tenasseriu), fi-om Mergui, JSouth through the 

 Malay Peninsula to Sumatra. The Javan form has been separated 

 by Hartert (Nov. Zool. ix, 1902, p. 5(il) as P. priUwitzl and the 

 Bornean form also seems different from the Malay bird. 



Nidification. Nests and eggs taken by Mr. Kellow at Sim])ang 

 in the Malay States were, like those described by Davison, taken 

 in thick jungle in high bushes. They are rather more richly 



