CICHORIUM INTYBUS ORD. III. Composite. | 71 
Class Syngenesia Polygamia Aqualis. Lin, Gen. Plant. 921. 
Gen. Ch. Receptaculum subpaleaceum. Cal. calyculatus. 
Pappus sub-5-dentatus, obsolete pitosus. 
Sp. Ch. C. floribus geminis sessilibus, foliis runcinatis. 
ROOT perennial, long, tapering, branched, or spindle-shaped ; 
externally yellowish, internally white, lactescent. Stalk erect, 
rough, branched, angular, from one to two or even three feet 
in height. Leaves at the root numerous, pinnatifid, or cut into 
irregular segments like those of dandelion: on the stalk they are 
alternate, sessile, somewhat spear-shaped, but indented and rough 
at the base. Flowers compound, large, blue, commonly in pairs. 
Calyx comaron to all the florets, composed of a double set of leaves, 
ofWhich the outer are in- number five, ovate, spreading, and 
fringed with glandular hairs; the inner set consists of about eight. 
Corolla composed of hermaphrodite florets, which are regular, blue, 
and about twenty in number, each consisting of a short white tube, 
from which arises a long flat ribbed limb, divided at the extremity 
into five teeth. Filaments white, slender, unconnected. Antherz 
blue, forming a hollow angular cylinder. Germen conical, crowned 
with short hairs. Style filiform. Stigmata two, rolled back, blue. 
Seeds numerous, naked, angular, lodged at the bottom of the 
calyx. 
It commonly grows about the borders. of corn fields, and flowers 
in July and August. 
This plant belongs to the same family with the garden endive, 
and by some botanists has been supposed to be the same plant in 
its uncultivated state; but the endive commonly used as sallad is 
an annual, or at most a biennial plant, and its parent is now known 
to be the Cichorium Endivia. 
It appears from Horace and others," that the Cichorea was com- 
a —__——_— ——— Me pascunt olive 
Me cithorea, levesque malve. Hor. Od. 31. 
‘¢ Cichorea, & teneris frondens lactucula fibris.” Juvenal. 
