463 ORD. XIV. Contorta. CINCHONA OFFICINALIS. 
extracted by rectified spirit from the powder of the former, was 
to that from the latter as 3 to 2 in one experiment, and as 229 to 
130 in another; and yet on infusing the two residuums of the first 
experiment in boiling water, that of the red bark gave a liquor 
considerably bitter, and which struck a black with martial vitriol ; 
while that yielded by the other, was nearly tasteless -and void of 
astringency.”* 
Respecting the medicinal properties we have several respectable 
authorities, shewing, that as the red bark possesses the same virtues 
with the common, in a much higher degree,} so it has been found 
of more efficacy in the cure of intermittents: and hence it is thought 
to be that which, according to Arrot, the Spaniards called Cascarilla 
colorada, and was probably the kind originally brought to Europe, 
and which proved so successful in the hands of Sydenham, Morton, 
and Lister; for it appears from the testimony of the oldest practi- 
tioners, that the bark first employed here was of a much deeper 
colour than the common bark. The red bark was first imagined 
by Dr. Saunders’ to be that of the trunk of full grown trees, the 
branches or young trees of which yield the pale or common bark ; 
but this opinion the Doctor seems afterwards to have abandoned, 
for in the third edition of his pamphlet on this subject he says, 
** that he has lately seen some exceedingly good red bark imported 
by a Spanish merchant, a considerable part of which was as small as 
the quilled bark in common use, &c. It was extremely resinous, 
and gave evident proefs of its being the quill of the larger red bark 
which was in the same chest.” Ifthe pale and red bark were really 
the produce of the same species of Cinchona, the latter differing 
from the former only by acquiring greater maturity, we should find 
the deepness of the colour of the pale bark to correspond propor- 
tionably with its thickness or the size of the quill, which is cer- 
tainly not the case. The Cinchona Caribea is described and 
: * Lewis, |. c. t Irving’s and Skeete’s Experiments. 
* Baker. Med. Trans. Vol. iii. p 161. & Observations on the superior efficacy 
of the red Peruvian Bark in the cure of fevers. 
