126 



they are placed. Even iu our temperate climate the enemies of these 

 larvae are very numerous, and their number is probably greater in the 

 waters of the eastern island in which the inhabitants of the cases 

 under consideration have their home. It is probable that the creatures 

 crawl along the bottom of shallow streams, so that when they protrude 

 the head and anterior segments in search of food, they are protected 

 from above by the projecting shield, and can only be seized from below, 

 or by piercing the tube. 



Among the European species, the only instance at all analogous is 

 that of Molanna angustata, Curtis. The broad case of this species has 

 projecting wing-like lateral margins, and the upper-surface projects 

 considerably beyond the mouth of the tube, thus forming a protecting 

 shield, but much more clumsily constructed than in the Ceylon eases. 

 Another case, perhaps more like these, is described by Dr. Hagen in 

 his elaborate paper on the cases of PhryganidcB (" TJeber Phryganiden 

 Gehduse"), published in the Stettiner Entomologische Zeituug for the 

 present year, under the name of Molanna triangularis (1. c. p. 225), 

 the imago being at present unknown. These come from the Cape of 

 Good Hope, and are furnished with a projecting semi-circular shield in 

 front ; but both these and the European species differ from those from 

 Ceylon, in that in Molanna the tube is not distinctly separable beneath, 

 in consequence of the shield being only a continuation of the wing-like 

 lateral processes and upper-surface. 



Eigure 1 represents the upper-side of the shield of the larger 

 example ; figure 2 the under-side of the same case ; both twice the 

 natural size. Figure 3 represents the__, upper-side of the smaller case, 

 of the natural size. 



NEW SPECIES OF BUTTERFLIES FROM GUATEMALA AND PANAMA. 



BY HENET WALTER BATES, E.Z.S. 



(Continued from ^age WQ.) 



52. — PTRBHOGTEA OTOLAIS. 



^ ? . Exjiaus. 1" 8'" Similar in colours, both above and beneath, 

 to P. Edocla (Dbldy. & HcAvits. Gen. Diurn. Lep. pi. 32, f. 5), but 

 much smaller, the fore-wing more arched on the costa and much less 

 produced at the apex, and the hind-wing not prolonged at the anal 

 angle. Brownish-black, the centre of both wings occupied by a very 

 broad greenish-white spot, which extends to the median nervure on 

 the fore-wing, and to the abdominal edge on the hind-wing. The 



