NYMPHALlDiE. — VANESSA. 43 



Other larger spots : the hinder margin is black, with a series of pale crescents : 

 the posterior wings dusky at the base, with a large black costal spot ; adjoin- 

 ing which is a yellowish patch : the margin is black, with obscure bluish 

 crescents ; the margin itself is brown, with two parallel pale lines, as in all the 

 wings of Va. Urtica? : interiorly the wings are furnished with long tawny or 

 greenish hairs: beneath, all the wings are clouded with black, with a broad, 

 common, ash-coloured, clouded fascia behind, in which is a series of obscure 

 bluish lunules : the anterior wings have three pale equidistant spots on tbe 

 costa, and the posterior a white discoidal dot : the body is dusky, clothed 

 with tawny hairs : the antenna; black, with the tip yellowish. 



Var. ;3. The anterior wings with a long black dash on the interior (or thinner) 

 edge, as in the female of Pontia Brassicae. 



Var. y. The spot at the base of the wing divided in two. 



Var. S. Similar to the last ; but the posterior wings with a series of round black 

 spots, within, and parallel with, the marginal fimbria. 



The caterpillar is bluish or brownish, with a yellow lateral stripe, with the 

 spines slightly branched and yellowish. It feeds chiefly on the elm ; and 

 while young, the brood continues under a silken web, dispersing after the first 

 change. The clu-ysahs is flesh-coloured, with golden spots on the neck. 



This insect is also one of those which occasionally aj^pear in pro- 

 fusion : during the past season it lias been particularly abundant 

 near London, occurring in plenty in Copenlipgen-fields, and near 

 Ripley, in Surry, last July. I captured in April last some faded 

 specimens at the latter place, which had been produced in the pre- 

 ceding year: near Ramsgate, Deal, and other jiarts of Kent, and 

 also in the vicinity of Hastings, and in the New Forest, it likewise 

 occurred during the past summer. It usually frequents woody 

 places and lanes where elms abound. There is but one brood, which 

 appears about the middle of July. 



Sp. 3. Urticffi. Alis supra tesiaceo-fulvis, nigro-macuJatis ; hasi nigra, mar- 

 gineqne postico nigro, lunulis coeruleis. (Exp. alar. 1 unc. 10 lin.— 2 unc. 

 4 lin.) 

 Pa. Urticte. Linne.—Lewin, pi. 3.— Va. Urticae. Sleph. Cnlul. 

 "Wings above orange-tawny, with the base, and the hinder margin throughout, 

 black, the latter with a series of blue crescents ; the margin itself is brown, 

 with two parallel pale lines : the anterior wings above have the costal arcolct 

 mottled with black and tawny : on the costa are two large subquadrate black 

 spots; at the base two others, placed obliquely; and posteriorly, on the disc, 

 two small round ones : between the two large costal spots and the anterior 

 basal one are two yellow spots, and between the second basal spot and the 

 anal angle is a third: towards the tip of the wing adjoining tbe pos'erior 

 costal spot is a white one : the posterior wungs are black at the base, pow- 

 dered with tawny, and covered with long tawny hairs : beneath, the anterior 

 wings are pale, variegated with black, with the tip sprinkled widi brown, 

 and the hinder margin with black lunules : the posterior wings are black at 



