lO HYMENOPTERA 



Four primary divisions of Aculeates are generally recognised, 

 viz. Anthophila (Bees), J)iploptera (Wasps), Fossores (Solitary 

 Wasps), Heterogyna (Ants). Thoiigli apparently they are natural, 

 it is inipossil)le to define them by characters that are without 

 some exceptions, especially in the case of the males. Ashmead 

 has recently proposed ^ to divide the Fossores ; thus making five 

 divisions as follows : — 



Body with more or less of the hairs on it phimose . 1. Aiithophikx. 



Hairs of body not phimose. 



Pronotum not reachinc,' back to tegulae . . 2. Entomophila 



[ = Fossores part] 

 Pronotum reaching back to tegulae. 



Petiole (articulating segment of aljdomen) simple without scales or 

 nodes. 

 Front wings in repose with a fold making them narrow 



3. Diploptera. 

 Front wings not folded . . .4. Fossores [part]. 



Petiole with a scale or node (an irregular elevation on the njjper side) 



5. Heterogyna. 



We shall here follow the usual method of treating all the 

 fossorial wasps as forming a single group, uniting Ashmead's 

 Entomophila and Fossores, as we think their separation is only 

 valid for the purposes of a table ; the Pompilidae placed by the 

 American savant in Fossores being as much allied to Entomo- 

 phila as they are to the other Fossores with w^hich Ashmead 

 associates them. 



Division I. Anthophila or Apidae — Bees. 



^Sovir (if the hairs of the hody i^litmose ; 2)arts of the moi'th elon- 

 gated, sometimes to a great extent, so as to form a 2>rotrusib!e 

 apparatus, usually tubular ivitli a very Jiexihle tip. Basal 

 joint of hind foot elongate. No ^vingless adult forms ; lit, 

 some cases societies are formed, and then barren females called 

 workers exist in great numbers, and carry on the industrial 

 operations of the community. Food, cdways derived from^ the 

 vegetable kingdom, or from other Bees. 



There are about 150 genera and 1500 species of bees at 

 present known. Some call the division Mellifera instead of 

 Anthophila. The term Apidae is used by some authorities to de- 

 note all the bees, while others limit this term to one of the families 

 ^ Froc. cnt. Soc. Washington, iii. 1896, p. 334. 



