51 



fly. The colour is pale honey yellow inclining to brown above. The unfortunate apple 

 worm is probably pierced while yet in the fruit, as it always succumbs soon after forming 

 its cocoon, and before changing to chrysalis ; while in the case of Pimpla, it is probably 

 attacked either while leaving the fruit or after having spun its cocoon. The larva of the 

 Delicate Long-sting forms for itself, within the cocoon of its victim, a sufficiently tough, 

 thin, oblong-oval, shiny, brown cocoon, from which the perfect fly issues by cutting open 

 a lid at one end. 



" As both these parasites transform within the cocoon of the Carpocapsa, it is next 

 to impossible and quite impracticable to separate friend and foe in removing and destroy- 

 ing the contents of the bandages ; but where it is desired to disseminate the parasites 

 they may be bred by enclosing large numbers of the Carpocapsa cocoons in some tight 

 vessel." 



On the 13th of August, 1873, Mr. Saunders took a number of chrysalides of the 

 Codling-moth under a bandage on an apple tree, and among them there was one which 

 was infested by ichneumons. The chrysalis, when emptied, was found to contain six of 

 the parasitic larvae, of which the followng description "was taken : — length, a little over 

 one-tenth of an inch ; body, tapering almost to a point towards the head ; colour, dull, 

 yellowish white, with a tinge of yellow along the dorsal region, very transparent, the in- 

 ternal organs showing plainly through. On each segment is a transverse row of short, 

 whitish spines ; terminal segment encircled with stouter whitish spines ; no proper feet 

 or prolegs, but in moving the mouth parts attach first with a sucker like disc, and the 

 hinder parts of the body are drawn gradually forward, different portions of the under sur- 

 face being furnished with small fleshy prominences, which are attached, and in turn with- 

 drawn from the surface on which the larva is moving : the principal points of attachment, 

 however, seem to be the first and terminal segments ,; under the latter, when viewed side- 

 ways, there appears a fleshy projection much larger than any of those on the other seg- 

 ments, and this projection expands into a flattened disc, which holds the larva firmly to 

 the place of attachment. 



Mr. Saunders did not succeed in rearing these larvae : after the chrysalis which con- 

 tained them was broken open, they, one after another, died, in spite of all efforts for their 

 preservation. Whether this would have proved distinct from the species last described 

 by ]Mr. Riley, and thus make a third parasite on this pest (the Codling-moth), we are at 

 present unable to determine. 



The Pigeon Tremex (Tremex columba), Linn. 



This insect has been found injurious to the pear, button- wood, and elm-trees. 



The followng is from Harris's " Injurious Insects " : 



" The body of the female is cylindrical, about as thick a.s a common lead-pencil, and 

 an inch and a half or more in length, exclusive of the borer, which is an inch long and 

 projects three-eighths of an inch beyond the body. The latter rounds upwards like the . 

 stern of a boat, and is armed with a point or short horn. The head and thorax are rust- 

 coloured, varied \vith black. The abdomen, or hinder and longest part of the body, is 

 black, with seven ochre-yellow bands across the back, all of them but the first two inter- 

 rupted in the middle. The horned tail, and a round spot before it, impressed as if with 

 a seal, are ochre-yoUow. The antenna; arc ral her short and blunt, rust coloured, with a 

 broad black ring in the middle. The wings expand two inches and a quarter, or more ; 

 they are smoky-brown and semi-transparent. The legs are ochre-yellow, with blackish 

 thighs. The borer, awl, or needle, is as thick as a bristle, spear-pointed at the end, and 

 of a black colour ; it is concealed, when not in use, between two narrow rust-coloured side- 

 pieces, forming a kind of scabbard to it. 



" This insect is figured and described in the second volume of the late Mr. Say's 

 ' Entomology.' The male does not appear to have been described by any author ; and, 

 although agreeing in some respects with the two other species represented by Mr. Say, is 

 evidently lUstinct from both of them. He is extremely unlike the female in colour, form 

 and size, and is not furnished with the remarkable borer of the other sex. He is rust- 

 coloured, vaiiegated with black. His auteuuaj are rust-yellow or blackish. His wings 



