206 HTMENOPTERA. 



tennse is minute, and the hind femora are thick, but not ser- 

 rated, and beneath armed with a tooth near the tip. 



The wings are rudimentary so that it does not quit the cell. 

 Newport states that the larva is flat, very hairy, and spins a 

 silken cocoon when about to pupate. It is an "external feed- 

 ing parasite" consuming the pupa as well as the larva of An- 

 thophorabia. The imago appears about the last of June, 

 perforating the cell of the bee. It also lives in the nests of 

 Osmia, Anthophora, and Odynerus. 



The genus AnthojjJior'abia is so-called from being a parasite on 

 Anthophora. The males differ remarkably from the females, 

 especially in having simple instead of compound eyes, besides 

 the usual three ocelli. A. megachilis Pack. (Plate 3 ; fig. 7, 

 larva ; 7 a, pupa) is a parasite on a species of Megachile. 

 The larva is white, short and thick, cylindrical, with both 

 extremities much alike ; the segments are slightly convex, and 

 the terminal ring is orbicular and rather large. Length, .04 

 inch, being one-third as broad as long. On opening the cells 

 of Megachile, Ave found nearly a dozen containing these para- 

 sites, of Avhich 150 larvae Avere counted clustering on the out- 

 side of a dead and dr}'^ Megachile larva. In England they 

 occur, according to Newport's observations, in much less num- 

 bers, as he found from thirty to fifty in a cell of Anthophora. 

 A few females hatched out in the middle of October, and there 

 were a few pupae loft, but the majority Avintcred OA'er in the 

 larva state, and a ncAV and larger brood appeared in the spring. 



Perilamp^is is a beautiful genus, with its shining, metallic 

 tints. The eleven-jointed antennae are short, lying when at 

 rest in a deep frontal furrow. The head is large, Avhile the 

 abdomen is slightly pedicelled, being short, contracted, Avith 

 the ovipositor concealed. P. pJatygaoter Say and P. triavgu- 

 laris Say Avere described from Indiana. 



The numerous species of Pteromalus often oviposit in the 

 larviie of butterflies. In this genus the antennae are inserted 

 in the middle of the front. The abdomen is nearly sessile, ob- 

 tusely triangular, or acutely ovate in form, Avith the ovipositor 

 concealed. The femora are slender. There are about three 

 hundred species known to inhabit Europe. Pleromalus va- 

 nessce Harris is a parasite on Vanessa Antiopa. P. disio- 



