MUSCID^. 



4H 



the larva state live in cleca3ing vegetable matter and in privies. 

 They are smaller flies than the foregoing genera, with smaller 

 alulae, and the fourth longitudinal vein of the wing is straight, 

 thus leaving the first posterior cell fully open. The larvje are 

 generally much like those of the meatTtly, but are thicker, 

 while others, belonging to the genus Hoiualouiyla, are flat- 

 tened and hairy. 



The Radish-fly, Antliomyia raphani Harris, abounds in the 

 roots of the radish, the fly appearing towards the end of June. 

 Another species, the Onion-fly, Antliomyia ceparum (Fig. 332), 

 causes the leaves of the onion to turn yellow and die from 

 the attacks of the larvffi in the roots. The larviB mature in 

 two weeks, transform in the root, and two weeks later disclose 

 the flies. Mr. Walsh 

 suggests that the 

 larvjie may be de- 

 stroyed by pouring 

 boiling hot water 

 over the young 

 plants, which, with- 

 out injuring the on- 

 ions, destroys tho 

 maggots. The 

 Seed-corn Maggot, the larva of Antliomyia zeoi Eiley (Fig. 344, 

 p. 419, a, larva; 6, puparium ; c, kernels eaten), destroys, 

 in New Jersey, tlie kernels of sprouted corn before it comes up. 

 The Cabbage maggot, the larva of A. brassicai Bouche, a com- 

 mon fly in Europe, has been found in Michigan to be injurious 

 to the cabbage. (Riley.) The hairy maggots of Ilomalomyia 

 eunicularis live in rotten turnips. (Harris.) The puparium 

 (Phrte 3, fig. 5, 5 «) of another species has been found by Mr. 

 F. W. Putnam in the nests of the humble bee. 



In Ortalis the front is quite prominent, the cl3q5eus is greatly 

 developed, the opening of the mouth wide, and the proboscis 

 much thickened. This genus comprises variousl}' banded and 

 spotted flies, which may be seen walking along leaves vibrating 

 their wings. They feed on the leaves, and afterwards the 

 pulpy fruit of the cherry, olive and orange. Another Onion- 

 fly, discovered hy Dr. Shinier in Illinois, is the Ortalis flexa 



