570 



OUTHOPTERA. 



Labrador to the Mississippi. Tlie Caloptenus spretus Uliler 

 (Fig. oGl, «), appears in immense numbers in the country' be- 

 tween the Mississippi and the lloclvy Mountains, and extending 

 from the Ijaskatchewan river on the north to Texas. Tlie 

 native breediug-places of tliis species cover an area in Wyom- 

 ing, Montana, and Britisli America, north of Montana, of 

 about ;JOO,000 S(]uare miles. Fi-om this ai'ea in seasons of 

 excessive drouglit it migrates south-eastward, sometimes flying 

 nearly a thousand miles. 



Dr. Liucecum thus describes the ravages of C. spretus in 

 Texas: "Last spring the young were hatched from the egg 

 in the early days of March ; by the middle of the month they 

 had destroyed half the vegetation, although the insects were 

 wingless and not larger than a house-fly. The first winged 



specimens were seen high in 

 the air at about three in the 

 afternoon ; as a light northerly 

 breeze sprang up, millions 

 dropped to the earth, cover- 

 ing the ground in an hour, 

 and destrojdng every green 

 thing with avidity. During 

 the night the}^ were quiet, but 

 at daybreak commenced to 

 eat, and continued until ten in the morning, when they all flew 

 southward. At about three o'clock in the afternoon of the 

 same day another swarm arrived, ten times as numerous as 

 the first ; these again took flight the following day ; and thus 

 they continued, coming and going, day after day, devouring 

 the foliage and depositing their eggs. At first they selected 

 bare spots for this i)urpose, but finally the whole surface of 

 the earth was so broken up by their borings that every inch 

 of ground contained several patches of eggs. This visitation 

 was spread over many hundreds of miles." 0. bicittatas bay 

 is a hirge dull green, or olive colored species, with red legs, 

 and is very abundant in gardens. 



Romalea inicroptera^ called the "Lubber grasshopper" in 

 Florida, feeds on the leaves of the orange. (Glover.) It is 

 nearly three inches long ; the prothorax is keeled, and the 

 wings only cover half of the abdomen. The larva is reddish, 



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