Dec. i8o6.] DVAR : LiFE-HlSTORIES OF N. Y. Sl.UG CATERPILLARS. 177 



row dorsal line on the second to eighth plates dark-brown ; hump oppo- 

 site fifth plate very dark ; glandular centers of plates also dark ; a 

 white spot in the ridge at the eighth plate (joint lo-ii) and a little one 

 at the seventh plate best seen from the side. First dorsal plate and all 

 the sides dark leaf-green, the glandular centers of the upper plates (7) 

 dark. Length 5. 6 to 7. 9 mm. 



Stage VI. — Shape and markings as in the next stage. The last 

 four stages are throughout practically alike. Length, 7.3-12 mm. 



Stage VII. — Elliptical, ending in a pointed tail ; dorsum slightly 

 concave (Plate VII, fig. 6) lowest along a line just above the subdorsal 

 ridge where the dorsal and lateral scaling meets, greatly arched ; sides 

 perpendicular, concave, diminishing at each end and without ridges, 

 the whole shape box-like. Setae fine and obscure, a single one on the 

 dorsal and lateral aspect of the ridge and a few microscopic ones on the 

 sides near the spiracle, the latter secondary. Depressed spaces con- 

 verted into scarcely sunken angular plates, the dorsal ones (Plate VII, fig. 

 7) suggesting the plates of a tortoise. A row of ten segmentary glands 

 on the lower si(5e of the subdorsal ridge secrete an odoriferous fluid when 

 the larva is irritated. Plates as described above, the latticed ridges 

 scaled, the two directions meeting at the lowest point of the dorsum 

 (Plate VII, fig. 11); scales arranged as if overlapping (Plate VII, fig. 12); 

 plates irregularly finely granular (Plate VII, fig. 12). Setae weak, 

 normal (Plate VII, fig. 5). Opposite the fifth dorsal plate the ridge is 

 thrown into a prominence more or less distinct, sometimes also one at 

 the sixth plate (Plate VII, fig. 14). These humps are intersegmental, 

 representing the incisures of joints 7-8 and 8-9. A white spot on the 

 ridge at eighth plate. Color very variable, scarcely two specimens 

 alike. Ground color green, more or less replaced on the dorsum by 

 brown or yellow or both, variously mottled and spotted, the latticed 

 ridges and glandular spots darker usually. Sides less commonly marked 

 with brown, but occasionally so and independently of the dorsum. 

 The order of appearance of the dark marks is from the hump and white 

 spot, spreading on the dorsal area, and from the middle of the 

 subventral edge and the white spot, spreading on the lateral area. I 

 have not seen either an entirely green or entirely brown specimen. 

 Length, 12 to 18 mm. 



Food-plants Various shrubs and trees. Oak, chestnut, wild 



cherry, hickory, sweet gum, bayberry, linden, witch hazel and hop horn- 

 bean have been noted by me." 



