JOURNAL 



Jlr\a gork €lntoraoIogirHl Horiptg* 



\rol. V. DECEMBER, 1897. No. 4. 



AN ATTEMPT TO CLASSIFY THE HOLARCTIC 

 LEPIDOPTERA BY MEANS OF THE SPE- 

 CIALIZATION OF THE WINGS. 



PART I.— THE DAY-BUTTERFLIES. 



By A. Radcliffe Grote, A.M. 



A. Forewings with vein IX present PAPILIONIDES. 



a I. Vein IV2 of primaries inclines to Cubitus PARNASSIID^. 



a2. Vein IVi of forewings from Radius Parnassiin^. 



d2. Vein IVi of forewings from crossvein Thaidin^e. 



a I. Vein IV2 of primaries placed centrally PAPILIONID^. 



B. Forewings with vein IX wanting HESPERIADES. 



bl. Radial veins on primaries not arising sej^arately, or if separate less than five 



in number. 

 b2. Vein III4 to costa before apex. 

 h^. Wings not angulate. 



b4. Vein IV2 not central on both wings PIERID^. 



b5. Vein IIIi arising from above cell PieriNjB. 



b5. Vein IIIi arising beyond cell LEPTiDiiNiE. 



b2. Vein III4 to external margin below apex NYMPHALID^E. 



b6. Vein II absorbed by HI to junction with I on secondaries N YMPHALlNiE 

 b6. Vein II absorbed by III to a varying point but always before junction 



with I Argynnin^. 



b2. Vein III4 to apex. 



by. Vein VIII not marked on primaries AGAPETID^, 



b8. Crossvein of secondaries joins Cubitus PARARGiNiB. 



b8. Crossvein of secondaries joins veiA ^Y^ AgafetiNjE, 



b3. Wings angulate />>»...... LIBYTHEID^. 



by. Vein VIII marked on primaries. 



bg. Vein III 2 beyond extremity of cell LIMNADID^. 



bg. Vein III2 before extremity of cell NEMEOBIID^. 



b4. Vein IV2 central on both wings. 



bio. Vein I of hind wings developed RIODINID^. 



bio. Vein I of hind wings absent LYCyENIDiE. 



b II. Vein IVi of primaries directly joining Radius THECLlNiE. 



b II. Vein IVi of primaries indirectly joining Radius . . . Lycenin^e. 



