198 Journal New York Entomological Society. [voi. v. 



When the galls are withered the larvae emerge, colored uniformly 

 whitish ash gray, and bore in soft wood to form their rather frail 

 cocoons. There is but one brood in the year. 



Pontania hyalina Norton. \j 



Gall. — Mr. Marlatt gives a figure and description of the mature gall 

 (Tech. ser. 3, U. S. Dept. Agr. , PI. Fig. 2, p. 37) in a place where 

 the galls were numerous. As the eggs are laid only in the very young 

 leaves and the species is polygoneutic, this necessarily happens in the 

 case of the later broods, where only the few growing shoots are availa- 

 ble for ovi position. Earlier in the season the galls are more scattered, 

 usually but one on a leaf, generally remote from the petiole, but some- 

 times near or adjoining it. Situated between the midrib and the mar- 

 gin, rarely reaching the edge, never exceeding it. When the young 

 leaf is just unrolled and still reddish, the egg is deposited by an ellipti- 

 cal cut below the epidermis on the under side, an inconspicuous punc- 

 ture. As the leaf grows, the egg area enlarges by natural growth of the 

 leaf, becoming also slightly thickened and surrounded by a bright crim- 

 son ring. This red ring later thickens faster than the central portion, 

 producing the irregular shape of the mature gall. This is elliptical with 

 irregular surface, especially below, evenly divided by the leaf, usually 

 green or pinkish below, reddish or even brown and withered above, 

 often black spotted ; 8x5x6 mm. Some are very irregular below, 

 grooved on one or both sides where crossed by the veinlets, thick, suc- 

 culent and watery rather than fleshy, cavity small, elliptical, green in- 

 side. At maturity they are hollowed to a shell. The full grown larva 

 eats a hole in the gall and escapes, leaving the empty gall on the tree 

 where it may become the hiding place for other insects. A larva of 

 Ichthyura was found in one. The galls are found on the trees at all 

 stages at once, there being no regularity in the succession of broods. 

 There appear to be five larval stages. 



Egg. — Irregularly elliptical, smaller at one end, shining translu- 

 cent white; .6x.2 mm. Found in a gall which had attained the size 

 of 4.5 X 2 mm. and consisted of an annular swelling with a central hole 

 extending through the leaf. The egg was at one one side of the hole. 



Stage II. — Head round, shining, dusky blackish ; width .35 mm. 

 Body uniform bright emerald green, segments 3-annulate, minutely set- 

 iferous; anal end slightly tapering, rounded. Thoracic feet large, ab- 

 dominal ones very small, rudimentary, present on joints 6 to 11 ; all 

 emerald green like the body. 



