150 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 



Prolioscis, the inai-ticulate trophl of tlie 3Iuscte, aud is sometimes 

 soft, labiated and generally retractile, sometimes horny and 

 acute ; according to Kirby it is the tongue of the Hymenop- 

 tera with all the apparatus, and its vagina. 



Procumhent^ trailing ; prostrate ; lying flat. See decumhenf. 



Promuscis, according to Illiger, is the tropin of the Hymenoptera. 



Pruinous, covered with a frosty kind of woolliness ; hoary. 



Pterigostiaj or tcing-hones, the nervures. 



Puhescent, coated with very soft, fine wool, hair or down, which 

 is short and not crowded. See villous, totnentous. 



Pulverulent, dusty. 



Punctured, marked with small impressed dots. See scrohiculafe, 

 variolous. 



Pul villus, the soft termination of the foot between the unguis ; it 

 is " un petit mammelon" of Degeer. See ont/cJiii. 



Puniceous, carmine color. 



Pupa, the second state of the insect from the egg, often quies- 

 cent ; the members being more or less concealed by the com- 

 mon integument. See aurelia, nymplia, chrysalis. 



Pupil, of an occellate wing-spot, is the central spot which is sur- 

 rounded by the iris. 



Pyriform, pear-shaped. 



Q. 



Quadrangular, having four angles. 



Quadrate, square ; somewhat square. 



Quadrilateral, having four sides. 



Quiescence, a state of liyhernation somewhat resembling torpidity, 

 wherein the animal requires but little nourishment, and ex- 

 hibits exterior signs of life. 



R. 



Radial cellule, or marginal cellule, a portion of the membrane of 

 the wing, situated near the apex, included between the exte- 

 rior margin and a nervure which originates at the carpus and 

 passes, with various degrees of curvature, towards the apex ; 

 it is comjylete when the nervure reaches the apex, and Incom- 

 plete when this member is abbreviated or interrupted, and 

 appendiculated when transversely divided by a nervure which 

 does not originate from the carpus ; when there are two radial 

 cellules the nervure of one of them originates on the basal side 

 of, or below the carpus. 



