188 Journal New York Entomological Society. fVoL xxx. 



the galleries of which were collected aphids which Prof. Gillette 

 thought might represent a new species of Thecabiiis. Two species of 

 Staphylinidas, namely Atlicfa nigritnla Grav. and Tachyporus nitid- 

 iihis Fab., were found in the nests of exsectoides. 



In addition to the above, Gryllus assimilis luctuosiis Serv. was 

 found on the ground of both woods and thicket. The grape filbert 

 gall Schizomyia coryloidcs Walsh & Riley and the ironwood leaf 

 fold gall Cccidomyia pudibiinda O.S. were also noted in both areas. 

 In the Hymenoptera, Andrcna carlini Ckll. was taken while flying 

 in the woods on April 14 and also while visiting Salix discolor 

 catkins in the thicket on March 28. Halictiis piira Say visited dog- 

 wood flowers in the thicket on April 25 and cranesbill flowers in the 

 woods on May 7. The blackberry seed gall Diastrophus ciiscuta- 

 fonnis O.S. was common in the thicket and to a less extent in the 

 woods. 



Summary. 



The amount and character of insect injury to the trees and 

 plants in the woods and thicket varied considerably but in most 

 instances it appeared to be a negligible incident in the life of the 

 plant. During the season of 1921, only the birches in the thicket 

 were seriously injured. During the early summer they were at- 

 tacked by plant lice and later by the birch leaf skeletonizer Biiccu- 

 latrix canadcnsidla Cham. (Lep.). By the end of summer they 

 appeared fire-swept. In the woods, the few remaining birches were 

 rapidly disappearing under the combined attacks of Polyponis betu- 

 iinus and the bronze birch borer Agrilns anxiiis Gory. 



The foregoing tables show that a mixed forest with shrubby and 

 herbaceous growths of various kinds supports a varied insect fauna. 

 Some of the insects feed on the foliage, others live in the rotting 

 wood of fallen limbs and trees, others upon the polypores and gill 

 fungi found in such situations and others are parasitic or predaceous 

 upon both injurious and beneficial forms. In this way a natural 

 balance is preserved. The following table shows the comparative 

 abundance of various types of food habits of the species taken. 

 While some of the species may be wrongly classified due to ignorance 

 of their correct food habits, yet the tables show in a general way 

 the predominating types in the situations surveved. 



