OKTHOPTERA OF INDIANA. 251 



sedges among which they have their homes. The only way in which 

 I have heen able to effect their capture was by running after them 

 and swooping them with the net as they arose or before they had 

 time to arrange their legs for the upward impetus at the beginning 

 of a new flight. The females are more bulky and lubberly than the 

 males, and are usually seen in more open places, where the grass is 

 shorter, and hence are more easily taken. The earliest date at which 

 mature specimens have been seen was July 13th, in Fulton County, 

 and the latest, October 35th, near Bass Lake, Starke County, though 

 they may occur both before and after these dates. In the United 

 States lineatus has been recorded only from Maine, Massachusetts, 

 Connecticut, northern Illinois and eastern Nebraska. 



Sub-family CEDIPODINiE. 



This sub-family includes those genera of Indiana locusts which 

 have the prosternum unarmed with tubercle or spine, the face nearly 

 vertical, instead of oblique, and the head rounded at the point of 

 union with the vertex and face. The fastigium or front of vertex 

 slopes sharply downward; the foveolse are present but are usually 

 small and shallow. The antennge are linear or sub-linear and are us- 

 ually inserted above the middle of the eyes, sometimes almost above 

 the eyes themselves. The eyes are shorter than in the sub-family 

 Tryxalince, being rarely longer than that portion of the cheeks be- 

 low their orbits. The dorsal field of the pronotum has its hind mar- 

 gin much wider than the front margin; the lateral carinse usually 

 wanting; the median carina (except in the genus Arphia) cut by one 

 or two sulci, and often raised in a sharp ridge or crest, and the sur- 

 face generally wrinkled or covered with small tubercles. The teg- 

 mina and wings are always fully developed and the latter, in most 

 species, are brightly colored. All of our genera belong to the divi- 

 sion or tribe (Edipodini of Saussure, in which the oceUi are placed 

 near the eyes and in which the outer margin of hind tibise lacks an 

 apical spine next the spurs. 



Our members of this sub-family are, when at rest with the tegmina 

 closed, dull brown or grayish in color, and hence dwell, for the most 

 part on bare clayey slopes, or stretches of sand; along roadsides and 

 railways, or in closely cropped timothy meadows. Twelve of our 

 16 species have the inner wings black, yellow or red and hence are 

 very conspicuous objects when in flight, being often taken for butter- 

 flies by persons who have given little attention to nature. These 

 bright colors, are, says Morse, "in no sense protective and bear no 



