256 



REPORT OF STATE GEOLOGIST. 



The yellow winged locust is a common insect throughout Indiana, 

 making its home in dry upland pastures and meadows, along roadsides 

 and on gravelly and rocky slopes. It passes the winter in the nymph 

 stage sheltered beneath logs, chunks and rubbish and begins to reach 

 maturity in central Indiana about May 1st (May 3d being the earliest 

 date it has come to my notice), being preceded only by Chortophaga 

 viridifasciata. It is most abundant in June, and about July 15th 

 begins to be replaced by its congener, A. xanthoptera. However, ex- 

 amples have been taken in Marion County as late as September 10th. 

 The male, when disturbed, moves in short, jerky flights, sounding its 

 cymbals while in the air, at every turn. The sound is a sharp crack- 

 ling note, and is seemingly under the control of the insect. 



39. Arphia xantholPtera (Germar. ) 



(Edipoda xanthoptera Gernu, 58, 11, 1838, 643; Scudd., 1 4 1 , VII, 1862, 



469; Smith, 199, 1872, 372, 381, Fig. 10. 

 Tomonolm .ranlhnplrni.'< Thorn., 206, V, 1873, 10."). 

 Tomi>notu.^ xuljihinrtiK .ravOinptrnix Tliom., 2 11, IX, 1880, 107. 

 Arphia .ranthnph-ra Sanss., 134, 1884, 67; Fern., 53, 1888, 39; Bl., 4, 



XXIII, 1891, 77; Bent., 3, VI, 1894, 297, Plate \^II, Fig. 11; 



Morse, 99, VUI, 1897, 36, 50, Plate 2, Figs. 16, 16a; Lugg., 8 4, 



1898, 138, Fig. 80; Scudd., 188, 1900, 31. 

 Arphia .rauthoptcra rarinafa BL, 4, XXLH, 1891, 78 (not .1. carhiata 



Scudd. ) 



Color varying from a very dark to a bright reddish brown, the head 

 and pronotum usually lighter than the tegmina; the latter in the 

 female often sprinkled with numerous darker brown spots. Inner 

 wings with the basal two-thirds either deep yellow or orange red, the 



Fig. 49. Arphi<i xanihoptera (Gormar). M.ilo. Natural Size. 

 (After Beutenmiiller). 



outer third wijli tlic curved fuscous bnr as in sulphurea, but the dark 

 ray near costal margin not much longer than the width of the fuscous 

 band, and always extending less than one-half the distance to base 

 of wing. Hind femora dull grayish brown, the upper outer face with 



