ORTIIOl'TKRA OF INDIANA. 319 



Color: Reddish brown, or brownish fuscous. Head olive to brown- 

 ish yellow, the occiput darker with usually a pair of widening fuscous 

 stripes on its sides. Disk of pronotum generally darker than the 

 lower half of lateral lobes; the upper half of these lobes with a broad 

 black bar on the prozona, often sub-obsolete in the female. Tegmina 

 brownish fuscous, sometimes without spots, but more often with 

 fuscous dots of varying size along the basal half of discoidal area. 

 Hind femora reddish brown, the upper half of outer face usually 

 more or less clouded with fuscous which often forms two oblique 

 crossbars on the upper face; lower and inner faces dull yellow or 

 orange. Hind til)ia^ deep red, rarely pale yellowish green, the spines 

 black. 



Measurements: Length of body, male, 23 mm., female, 35 mm.; 

 of antenna3, male, 10 mm., female, 8.5 mm.; of pronotum, male, 4.5 

 mm., female, 5 mm.; of tegmina, male, 20 mm., female, 21 mm.; 

 of hind femora, male, 12.5 mm., female, 14.5 mm. 



This is the most common and the most injurious of our Indiana 

 locusts. It occurs everywhere in blue-grass pastures and meadows, 

 along roadsides and borders of cultivated fields. In central Indiana 

 it begins to reach maturity about June 5th, and has been seen in 

 numbers and mating as late as November 22d. Those which occur 

 in low damp places are usually darker than those in dry upland locali- 

 ties. The second crop of clover is, in a dry season, often almost 

 wholly destroyed by these insects. When disturbed they either hop 

 vigorously to one side, or fly swiftly and noiselessly straight ahead 

 for 30 or more feet and then suddenly drop to the ground. The 

 species ranges over most all of North America. , 



70. Melanoplus extremus (Walker). 



Caloptenus extremufi Walk., 2 19, IV, 1870, 681; Tliom., 206, V, 1873, 



225. 

 Melancrplm extreinm Scudd., 17 9, XXXVI, 1897, 24, 34; Id., 18 1, 



1897, 135, 287, Plate 18, Fig. 10; Id., 188, 1900, 57; BL, 15, 



XXX, 1898, 57; Morse, 100, VIII, 1898, 257, 259, 292, Plate 7, 



Fig. 41. 

 PezoteUix Junius Dodge, 4 5, VIII, 1876, 9. 



3£elamplus Junius Scudd., 163, XIX, 1878, 286; Id., 16 1, VI, 1878, 45. 

 Caloptenm Junius Scudd., 165, XII, 1880, 75. 



Size, small to medium. Vertex slightly elevated above the pro- 

 notum; the interspace between the eyes nearly (male) or more than 

 (female) twice as wide as the basal joint of antennae; the front half 

 steeply sloping, distinctly (male) or broadly and shallowly (female) 

 sulcata. Frontal costa not reaching clypeus, faintly widening from 

 above downward; feebly sulcate at and below the ocellus. Antennae 



