ORTHOPTEEA OF INDIANA. 341 



The young of Locustidce, like those of the other families of the Or- 

 thopiera, when hatched from the egg resemble the adults in form but 

 are wholly wingless. As they increase in size they moult or shed the 

 skin five times, the wings each time becoming more apparent, until 

 after the fifth moult, when they appear fully developed, and the 

 insect is mature or full grown, never increasing in size thereafter. 

 Throughout their entire lives they are active, greedy feeders, mostly 

 herbivorous in habit; and where present in numbers necessarily do 

 much harm to growing vegetation. 



In the number of species in any given locality, the Locustidce far 

 outrank the Gryllidce, being excelled in this respect among the other 

 Orthopteran families only by the Acrididce or Locusts, According 

 to Scudder, 194 species of the family are known from the United 

 States. Of these, 40 have been taken in Indiana and are described 

 in the present paper, specimens of all being in my private collection. 

 This is seven more than are known in any other State from which 

 lists have been published except Nebraska, where Bruner records 

 the presence of 58 species. McNeill has listed 27 from Illinois; 

 Smith 33 from New Jersey; Osborne 24 from Iowa, and Scudder 23 

 from all New England. ' 



Six sub-families of LocustidcB occur in the United States and all 

 are represented in the Indiana fauna. They may be separated by the 

 following table: 



A SYNOPSIS OF THE SUB-FAMILIES OF LOCUSTIDiE KNOWN TO OCCUR IN 



INDIANA. 



a. Tegmina and wings present. 



ft. Prosternal spines absent; vertex rounded or deflexed without 

 spine, tubercle or cone; tegmina always shorter than wings; 



hind tibiae with an apical spine on each side 



Phaneropteein^, p. 342 



66. Prosternal spines present; vertex either terminating in a sharp 



flat spine or produced upward and forward in a rounded 



tubercle or prominent cone; hind tibiae with an apical spine 



on outer side only or on neither. 



c. Wing covers leaf -like, broadly expanded in the middle, 

 concave within, longer than the wings; vertex termi- 

 nating in a sharp, flat spine; pronotum crossed by two 



distinct transverse sulci Pseudophyllin^, p. 358 



cc. Wing covers narrow, expanded but little, if any. In the 

 middle, often shorter than the wings; vertex termi- 

 nating in a rounded tubercle or prominent cone; pro- 

 notum without, or with only one, transverse sulcus 



CONOCEPHAXIN^, p. 362 



