342 REPORT OF STATE GEOLOGIST. 



aa. Tegmina and wings absent, or the former rudimentary. 



d. Pronotum extending back to the abdomen; prosternal spines 

 present; fore tibiae with a hearing organ near the base; 



tegmina rudimentary Decticin^, p. 392 



dd. Pronotum short, not covering the whole top of thorax; pro- 

 sternal spines absent; fore tibiae Avithout a hearing organ 

 near the base; wholly wingless. 



e. Eyes ovate, vertical, situated on the side of the basal 

 joint of antennae; ovipositor ensiform, curved strongly 



upward Gryllacrin^, p. 39."> 



ee. Eyes sub-rotund, situated partly above the basal joint of 



the antennae; ovipositor nearly straight 



Stenopelmatin^, p. 396 



Sub-family PHANEROPTERIN^. 



The species of this suh-family are among the largest of our Loeus- 

 tidae, and, with those of the Pseudophyllinse, are commonly known as 

 "Katydids." The apex of the head is obtuse or rounded, without 

 cone or spine, and the prosternum is unarmed. The wing covers are 

 .•-horter than the wings, usually expanded in the middle, and of a 

 1)right uniform green color. The wings are folded like a fan and are 

 long and strong, the insects being flyers rather than leapers. The 

 hind limbs, being seldom used except to give themselves an upward 

 impetus at the beginning of flight, while long and slender, are pro- 

 portionally much smaller in diameter than in the sub-family Conoce- 

 plialince, whose members leap rather than fly. 



The "katydids" are the most arboreal of all of the Locustidce, the 

 great majority of them passing their entire lives on shrubs and trees, 

 where they feed upon the leaves and tender twigs, and, when present 

 in numbers, often do excessive injury. The color and form of their 

 wings serve admirably to protect them against their worst foes, the 

 birds; and as they live a solitary life, i. e., do not flock together in 

 numbers as do the green grasshoppers, they are but seldom noticed 

 by man. Their love calls, or songs, however, make the welkin ring 

 at night from mid-August until after heavy frost, and though but 

 one or two of the eight species found in the State make a note in 

 any way resembling the syllables "Katy did, she did," yet all are 

 accredited with this sound by the casual observer, and hence the 

 common name usually given to the members of this sub-family. 

 Their call is seldom made by day for the obvious reason, that it might 

 attract the attention of the birds and so lead to the destruction of 

 the songster. As twilight approaches, however, the male of each 

 species begins his peculiar note, which is kept up with little or no 



