OETHOPTEEA OF INDIANA. 363 



imitating the two songs in the daytime the grasshoppers can be made 

 to represent either at will; at night they have but one note."* 



This sub-family is represented in Indiana by three genera which 

 may be separated by the following key: 



KEY TO GENERA OF INDIANA CONOCEPHALIN^. 



a. Fore and middle femora spined beneath; vertex produced forward 

 into a long sharp cone; stridulating organ of male green and 



opaque XLV. Conocephalus, p. 363 



flffl. Fore and middle femora unarmed beneath; vertex terminating in a 

 rounded tubercle which is hollowed out on the sides; stridulating 

 organ of male light brown and partly transparent. 

 6. Prosterual spines very short; ovipositor slender, straight or 



nearly so; insect small XL VI. Xipiiidium, p. 371 



bh. Prosternal spines longer and more slender; ovipositor stout, 



usually upcurved; insect of medium size 



XLVII. Orchelimum, p. 381 



XLV. Conocephalus Thunbergh (1815). 



THE CONE-HEADED GRASSHOPPERS. 



The members of this genus are readily known by having th"e vertex 

 prolonged forward and upward into a cone which much exceeds in 

 length the first segment of the antennae, and bears a pointed tooth 

 beneath. Face very oblique. Eyes sub-rotund, rather prominent. 

 Spines of prosternum long and slender. Wing covers long, narrow, 

 rounded at the end, much exceeding the abdomen and slightly ex- 

 ceeding the wings in all our species. The stridulating organ of the 

 male is opaque and of a coarse texture in the left wing cover, but 

 transparent at the center of the right. Hind femora of moderate 

 length, rather slender, the insects often using the wings as locomo- 

 ters. Ovipositor rather narrow,' nearly straight, oftentimes of ex- 

 cessive length; the eggs of those species in which the oviposition has 

 been noted, being deposited between the stem and the root leaves 

 of plants. Anal plates of male not produced; the cerci much swollen, 

 recurved and toothed. 



Although these insects are said to be rather common by those 

 writers who have prepared lists of Orthoptera from other states, yet 

 in Indiana they are the least abundant of all the winged LocustidcB, 

 ten years' collecting having yielded less than twenty specimens. 

 They appear to be more common in the northern than in the south- 

 ern half of the State. 



" American Naturalist, II, 1868, 116. 



