ORTHOPTERA OF INDIANA. 371 



taken October 24, 1891, from the fallen grasses on the margins of a 

 large lowland pond in Vigo County. This pond, now extinct, was 

 surrounded on all sides by heavy timber, and its margins yielded a 

 number of interesting Orthoptera found nowhere else in the county. 

 Among them were Leptysma marginicoUis Serv., Paroxya hoosieri 

 BL, Anaxipha exigua Say, Pliylloscirtus pulchellus Uliler, and 

 Xiphidium nigropleura Bruner. The first four mentioned are in- 

 sects of a southern range, and perhaps C. palustris will, in time, be 

 found to be more common southward. 



XLVI. Xiphidium Serville (1831). 



This genus includes our smallest winged Locustidse. The vertex 

 projects forward and slightly upward in the form of a rounded tuber- 

 cle which is hollowed out on the sides for the reception of the basal 

 joint of the antenna. Face rounded, somewhat oblique. Eyes rather 

 large, sub-globose. Spines of prosternum very short and weak; often 

 mere cone-shaped protuberances. Wing e'overs narrow, straight, 

 rounded at the end, often varying much in length in the same spe- 

 cies, but for the most part shorter than the abdomen. Wings usually 

 a little shorter than the wing covers. Stridulating organ of male 

 well developed, the veins prominent, light brown in color, and with 

 the middle transparent. Hind femora of medium length, stout at 

 base; mostly unarmed beneath. Ovipositor narrow, straight or but 

 slightly curved, oftentimes of excessive length. Anal plates of male 

 not prolonged; the cerci usually much swollen, and toothed at base 

 on the inner margin. Eight species are known to occur in Indiana. 



These insects are more variable in color and in the length of wings 

 than those of any other genus of Orthoptera known to me. The 

 variations, however, seem to be abrupt with no intervening forms. 

 There are long-winged and short-winged forms of the same species 

 but none with the wings of medium length; and when a brown form 

 is tinged with green, or vice versa, the amount of the different color 

 varies but little. Four of our eight species are thus dimorphic' as 

 regards the length of the wings, the short-winged individuals, as far 

 as my observation goes, far outnumbering those with the wings fully 

 developed; and at least three of the eight are variable with respect 

 to color. 



KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF XIPHIDIUM. 



a. Ovipositor shorter tlian the body. 

 6. Ovipositor straight. 



c. Body very slender; wings a little longer than the tegmina; 

 the latter always fully developed and longer than ab- 

 domen 94 faseiatum, p. 372 



