OETHOPTEEA OF INDIANA. 393 



rather large for the size of the tegmina,. Wings very rudimentary 

 or wanting. Hind femora long and rather slender, extending, in our 

 species, beyond the abdomen in both sexes, notably so in the males. 

 Ovipositor as long as the body, very stout at the base, straight. 



The "Shield-back Grasshoppers," so called on account of the large 

 protective pronotum, are often quite numerous from April 1st to 

 September 15th in dry upland woods and on sloping hillsides with 

 a southern exposure, but are seldom, if ever, found in damp localities. 



On the first warm days of early spring the young begin to emerge 

 and in suitable places for a month or more are among the most com- 

 mon Orthopterans seen. They are much more active during early 

 life than in the mature state when they crawl rather than leap. In 

 captivity they feed as readily upon animal as upon vegetable food, 

 and in the natural state probably feed upon the dead bodies of such 

 small animals as they can find. Tlie earliest hatched reach maturity 

 in central Indiana about the first of June, and may then often be 

 found resting on the leaves and stems of low shrubs and weeds, but 

 seldom climb over two or three feet from the ground. The adults 

 are far less numerous than the young, the vast majority of the latter 

 probably falling a prey to the many ground-frequenting sparrows 

 and other birds, as they do not hide by day as do the members of the 

 genus Ceuthophilus. The two Indiana species may be separated by 

 the following key: 



KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF ATLANTICUS. 



4 



a. Pronotum more than half as loug as bind femora, its front margin 

 in the female much narrowed, but little more than half as wide 

 as bind margin; exposed portion of male tegmina almost as ample 



as the pronotum 110 pachynierus, p. 393 



aa. Pronotum not more than half as long as bind femora, its front mar- 

 gin in the female but little narrowed, about three-fourths the 

 width of the bind margin; exposed portion of male tegmina less 

 than one-third as ample as the pronotum Ill dorsalis, p. 394 



110. Atlanticus pachymerus (Burmeister). 



iJecdrm pachijmenis Burm., 40, II, 1838, 712. 



Thyre<motu>i pachymerus Sondd., 14 1, VII, 1862, 453; Corns., 4 1,1,1888, 



118, Fig. 106; Davis, 43, XXV, 1893, 108 (song of); BL, 7, 



1893, 160. 

 Atlanticus pachymertis Scudd., 170, XXVI, 1894, 179; Id., 188,1900,76; 



Lugg., 84, 1898, 245, Fig. 160. 



Color: Male — Grayish or fuscous brown; the sides of pronotum 

 and tegmina black, the former often shining, especially m the young; 

 a narrow, curved yellowish line above the posterior lateral angle of 



55-Geol. 



