318 THE CAUSES WHICH 



and may be taken to represent tlie Nocturni o£ the Lepidoptera. 

 The Diurni do not appear to have any great power of hearing, 

 but they all possess excellent optic organs and sharp sight. 

 After the Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, and Lepidoptera 

 would follow the Coleoptera, which certainly give evidence of 

 possessing an auditory apparatus in certain groups — Lamelli- 

 cornia, Longicornia, and Malacodermata, represented by the 

 Death Watch Beetles. But here in the Lamellicorns the visual 

 organs are imperfect. On the other hand, the species of 

 Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, and Diptera have the auditory sense, 

 if present, less potent, but sight, touch, and smell are generally 

 manifest. In bees and flies the sense of smell is especially 

 keen, and dragon-flies have enormously developed eyes. These 

 deductions are in harmony with an exposition of Newman^s 

 table from left to right, thus : — 



1. Orthoptera. 1. Hemiptera. 



2. Coleoptera. 2*. Neuroptera. 2. Lepidoptera. 



3. Hymenoptera. 3. Diptera. 



Insects, there is a presumption, originated in Neuroptera. 



A Table of Remarkable Cycles of Insect Multiplication 

 AND Migration. 



Anni Mirahiles marked thus on a provisional quinary method (*), and 

 apparent dislocations denoted by a (f). 



A.D. 591. An infinite army of locusts grievously ravage part of Italy. 



1478. Locusts invade the Venetian territory and i3roducea famine. 



1556. A swarm of butterflies rain blood in Germany. 



*1574. A number of chafers fall into the Severn, and stop the wheels of the 

 water-mills ? 



1608. Blood prodigy at Aix. 



1613. Locusts visit the South of France. 



1650. A cloud of locusts enter Russia in three different places, and from 

 thence pass into Poland and Lithuania. 



1665. Tomicus typographus, the "Turk," multiplies, and ravages the Hartz 

 Forest. 



1688. Chafers strip the trees in the county of Galway. 



1710. The Scarce SwaUow-tail Butterfly taken in England prior to this date. 



1730. The Gold-tail Moth and Gipsy multiply, and lay waste the foliage 

 in France for three years. 



