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  which 
  spots 
  are 
  rare, 
  such 
  as 
  E. 
  ida, 
  or 
  even 
  the 
  one 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  

   are 
  I 
  believe 
  unknown, 
  E. 
  hjcaon. 
  The 
  Indian 
  species 
  which 
  closely 
  

   resemble 
  hjcaon 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  side 
  are 
  almost 
  as 
  conspicuously 
  

   spotted 
  as 
  Paranie 
  achine 
  beneath, 
  and 
  follow 
  the 
  same 
  scheme 
  

   exactly. 
  I 
  have 
  only 
  found 
  traces 
  of 
  the 
  spotting 
  of 
  tithonus 
  in 
  one 
  

   specimen 
  of 
  ida, 
  from 
  Tetuan, 
  but 
  there 
  are 
  some 
  in 
  the 
  

   S. 
  Kensington 
  collection 
  from 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Florence 
  in 
  

   which 
  these 
  spots 
  are 
  almost 
  conspicuous. 
  These 
  also 
  follow 
  the 
  

   Epinephelid 
  scheme. 
  The 
  upper 
  dark 
  patch 
  is 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  so 
  obsolete 
  

   in 
  E. 
  jurtina 
  that 
  the 
  scheme 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  trace, 
  and 
  indeed, 
  when 
  

   the 
  spotting 
  is 
  absent, 
  all 
  that 
  can 
  be 
  said 
  is 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  nothing 
  to 
  

   contradict 
  it, 
  but 
  the 
  spots 
  when 
  present 
  do 
  follow 
  the 
  Epinephelid 
  

   scheme, 
  and 
  I 
  have 
  placed 
  next 
  to 
  the 
  typical 
  E. 
  pasipha'e 
  a 
  2 
  

   jurtina 
  of 
  the 
  Spanish 
  /lispidla 
  form 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  whole 
  scheme 
  is 
  

   quite 
  distinguishable. 
  In 
  E. 
  janiroides 
  it 
  is 
  readily 
  discoverable. 
  

   I 
  have 
  only 
  seen 
  one 
  specimen 
  of 
  E. 
  uKra;/ 
  in 
  which 
  these 
  spots 
  

   occur, 
  and 
  in 
  that 
  one 
  they 
  resemble 
  jurtina. 
  

  

  I 
  was 
  led 
  to 
  the 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  question 
  by 
  an 
  observation 
  in 
  Tutt's 
  

   " 
  British 
  Butterflies 
  " 
  (p. 
  408), 
  which, 
  from 
  one 
  whose 
  strongest 
  point 
  

   was 
  accuracy, 
  was 
  fairly 
  astounding. 
  It 
  runs 
  thus 
  : 
  — 
  " 
  the 
  arrange- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  these 
  spots 
  on 
  the 
  hindwing 
  [of 
  E. 
  tithonus] 
  is 
  very 
  

   different 
  from 
  the 
  arrangement 
  of 
  those 
  in 
  E. 
  janira 
  (when 
  present), 
  

   but 
  bears 
  a 
  marked 
  resemblance 
  to 
  the 
  arrangement 
  in 
  the 
  

   Ccenonymphidi 
  and 
  FJrebiidi." 
  As 
  a 
  matter 
  of 
  fact 
  the 
  very 
  reverse 
  

   is 
  the 
  case. 
  The 
  scheme 
  of 
  spotting 
  in 
  the 
  Ccenonymphids 
  is 
  

   essentially 
  different. 
  The 
  break 
  there 
  occurs 
  immediately 
  after 
  the 
  

   costal 
  spot, 
  as 
  is 
  clearly 
  seen 
  in 
  such 
  species 
  as 
  0. 
  dorus, 
  C. 
  corinna 
  

   and 
  C. 
  oedipns, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  most 
  conspicuous, 
  being 
  scarcely 
  less 
  so 
  

   in 
  C. 
  tiphon, 
  C. 
  arcania, 
  C. 
  i/diis, 
  and 
  C. 
  hero 
  (see 
  Plate 
  II.) 
  ; 
  in 
  others, 
  

   such 
  as 
  C. 
  satyrion 
  and 
  C. 
  iphioidea, 
  where 
  the 
  whole 
  row 
  appears 
  less 
  

   broken, 
  the 
  identity 
  of 
  the 
  scheme 
  is 
  brought 
  out 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  

   the 
  spot 
  immediately 
  below 
  the 
  costal 
  is 
  the 
  first 
  to 
  become 
  

   obsolescent, 
  and 
  that 
  when 
  a 
  break 
  does 
  occur 
  it 
  is 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  

   point 
  as 
  in 
  other 
  Ccenonymphids, 
  and 
  is 
  not 
  in 
  the 
  least 
  Epinephelid, 
  

   (see 
  Plate 
  II.). 
  TbeErebiid 
  scheme 
  is 
  more 
  difficult 
  to 
  place; 
  when 
  

   spots 
  occur 
  in 
  this 
  tribe 
  they 
  are 
  generally 
  continuous, 
  but 
  

   they 
  are 
  in 
  many 
  species 
  entirely 
  absent 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  species 
  

   however 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  are 
  most 
  conspicuous, 
  E. 
  flavofanciata, 
  

   they 
  bear 
  a 
  very 
  close 
  resemblance 
  to 
  C. 
  satyrion, 
  the 
  first 
  spot 
  

   to 
  disappear 
  (when 
  any 
  do 
  so), 
  being 
  the 
  next 
  below 
  the 
  costal. 
  

   The 
  two 
  examples 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  here 
  exhibited 
  should 
  be 
  compared 
  

   with 
  the 
  half 
  dozen 
  specimens 
  of 
  C. 
  satyrion 
  immediately 
  above 
  

   them 
  (see 
  Plate 
  II.). 
  In 
  other 
  cases 
  the 
  series 
  frequently 
  ends 
  

   above 
  no. 
  iii, 
  and 
  I 
  know 
  of 
  no 
  instance 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  break 
  occurs 
  

   at 
  the 
  same 
  point 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  Epinephelids. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  the 
  

   spotting 
  of 
  the 
  underside 
  of 
  Melanaryia 
  is 
  characteristically 
  Epine- 
  

   phelid 
  (see 
  Plate 
  I.) 
  ; 
  I 
  exhibit 
  as 
  examples 
  M. 
  yalathea, 
  M. 
  lachesis, 
  

   M. 
  arye, 
  M. 
  syllins, 
  and 
  M. 
  ines, 
  but 
  the 
  whole 
  genus 
  bears 
  out 
  this 
  

  

  