﻿66 
  

  

  " 
  Time 
  of 
  emergence. 
  — 
  This 
  is 
  most 
  generally 
  given 
  by 
  all 
  

   standard 
  authorities 
  as 
  being 
  between 
  2 
  p.m. 
  and 
  4 
  p.m., 
  even 
  when 
  

   the 
  insects 
  are 
  forced, 
  but 
  this 
  latter 
  is 
  certainly 
  incorrect. 
  When 
  

   the 
  pupffi 
  are 
  brought 
  into 
  an 
  ordinary 
  living 
  room 
  they 
  emerge 
  at 
  

   all 
  hours 
  of 
  the 
  day 
  and 
  night. 
  Far 
  more 
  emerge 
  between 
  6 
  p.m. 
  

   and 
  11 
  p.m. 
  than 
  at 
  any 
  other 
  time. 
  Cages 
  containing 
  no 
  living 
  

   insects 
  at 
  11 
  p.m. 
  frequently 
  had 
  imagines 
  in 
  them 
  when 
  examined 
  

   at 
  7 
  a.m. 
  next 
  morning. 
  In 
  the 
  wild 
  state 
  they 
  certainly 
  do 
  emerge 
  

   most 
  frequently 
  in 
  the 
  afternoon, 
  and 
  when 
  kept 
  out 
  of 
  doors 
  bred 
  

   pupse 
  disclose 
  imagines 
  between 
  2 
  p.m. 
  and 
  6 
  p.m. 
  

  

  " 
  This 
  insect 
  is 
  certainly 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  easiest 
  to 
  breed. 
  The 
  main 
  

   difficulty 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  to 
  get 
  the 
  resulting 
  insect 
  full-sized. 
  If, 
  how- 
  

   ever, 
  they 
  are 
  sleeved 
  on 
  birch, 
  this 
  difficulty 
  will 
  disappear; 
  when 
  fed 
  

   on 
  elm 
  the 
  specimens 
  resulting 
  are 
  invariably 
  much 
  under-sized. 
  

  

  " 
  Forcing. 
  — 
  To 
  force 
  the 
  pupre, 
  a 
  very 
  good 
  plan 
  is 
  to 
  prepare 
  a 
  

   metal 
  tray 
  filled 
  with 
  well 
  damped 
  sand. 
  Over 
  this 
  lay 
  about 
  two 
  

   inches 
  of 
  moss 
  which 
  has 
  previously 
  been 
  boiled. 
  If 
  the 
  sand 
  is 
  

   damped 
  every 
  five 
  or 
  six 
  days 
  (when 
  kept 
  in 
  a 
  living 
  room) 
  very 
  few 
  

   insects 
  will 
  fail 
  to 
  emerge. 
  Unlike 
  popidi, 
  they 
  do 
  not 
  require 
  a 
  

   very 
  considerable 
  amount 
  of 
  moisture 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  pupfe 
  drying 
  

   up 
  or 
  the 
  resulting 
  imagines 
  appearing 
  badly 
  crippled. 
  If 
  treated 
  

   in 
  the 
  manner 
  described 
  almost 
  complete 
  success 
  can 
  be 
  relied 
  

   upon. 
  

  

  " 
  Assembling. 
  — 
  I 
  find 
  that 
  the 
  easiest 
  method 
  of 
  assembling 
  the 
  

   maJes 
  of 
  this 
  insect 
  is 
  to 
  place 
  the 
  female 
  in 
  a 
  box, 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  

   which 
  are 
  made 
  of 
  muslin 
  or 
  similar 
  material, 
  held 
  in 
  position 
  by 
  

   elastic 
  bands. 
  It 
  is 
  necessary 
  to 
  have 
  both 
  of 
  the 
  muslin 
  sides 
  

   removable, 
  so 
  that 
  according 
  to 
  whichever 
  side 
  the 
  female 
  selects 
  on 
  

   which 
  to 
  take 
  up 
  her 
  position, 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  can 
  be 
  removed 
  

   without 
  disturbance. 
  This 
  is 
  of 
  course 
  only 
  when 
  it 
  is 
  desired 
  to 
  

   obtain 
  a 
  pairing. 
  In 
  cases 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  only 
  desired 
  to 
  assemble 
  

   males 
  for 
  collecting 
  of 
  the 
  same, 
  and 
  not 
  for 
  breeding 
  purposes, 
  

   then, 
  in 
  that 
  case, 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  any 
  transparent 
  material 
  is 
  used 
  to 
  

   allow 
  of 
  a 
  free 
  passage 
  of 
  air 
  through 
  the 
  cage, 
  that 
  is 
  all 
  that 
  is 
  

   necessary. 
  

  

  " 
  If 
  it 
  be 
  desired 
  to 
  obtain 
  a 
  pairing, 
  care 
  must 
  be 
  taken 
  that 
  the 
  

   muslin 
  is 
  firmly 
  held 
  in 
  position 
  by 
  the 
  elastic 
  bands, 
  because, 
  prior 
  

   to 
  the 
  arrival 
  of 
  the 
  males, 
  the 
  female 
  is 
  certain 
  to 
  indulge 
  in 
  flight 
  

   in 
  the 
  cage, 
  of 
  a 
  somewhat 
  wild 
  nature, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  useless 
  to 
  use 
  a 
  

   cage 
  for 
  pairing 
  purposes 
  of 
  which 
  one 
  side 
  is 
  left 
  open 
  until 
  after 
  

   the 
  flight 
  has 
  ceased. 
  Once, 
  however, 
  the 
  female 
  has 
  settled 
  down 
  

  

  