72 ENTOMOLOGIOAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO. 



Mr. Marlatt said that fiom the description Mr. Southwick undoubtedly had in mind 

 the Gillmore nozzle (to which Mr. Southwick assented), and said that Mr. Gill more was 

 at the Department, and some very careful tests were made with this nozzle with various 

 insecticide agents. The character of the nozzle and the practical objeccions to its use 

 were then pointed out. 



Mr. Forbush said he knew of a similar principle at one time employed by a fire 

 apparatus company to mix a fire extinguisher with water at the moment of spraying. 



Mr. Smith said it was very encouraging to see such decided interest taken in the 

 manufacture and improvement of machinery for the application of insecticide mixtures. 

 He was of the opinion that the origination of new devices and the work of perfecting old 

 ones or overcoming mechanical difliculties may be safely left to manufacturers, whom he 

 had always found very ready to adopt suggestions in the matter of the betterment of 

 apparatus. In this connection he referred also to the adoption by the Climax Pump 

 Company of an improvement in the kerosene knapsack sprayer suggested by Mr. Goff. 

 His experience with the improved knapsack sprayer, he said, corresponded very closely 

 with that detailed by Mr. Marlatt. 



Mr. Marlatt, referring again to the device suggested by Mr. C. M. Weed, pointed out 

 that while the arrangement of the kerosene and oil reservoirs suggested by this author 

 would probably obviate several of the difficultie.s, still an important objection, arising 

 from the oil escaping into the water chamber during the action ot the pump or immediately 

 thereafter, was not corrected by this means, although possibly rectified by the combinatioa 

 suggested by Mr. Goff in a communication in Garden and Forest of April 10, 1895. 



Dr. John B. Smith read the following paper : 



" Raupbnleim" and " Dendrolene." 



" Raupenleim" and " dendrolene" are both crude petroleum products of a butter-like 

 consistency at ordinary temperatures and becoming only slightly softer at high 

 temperatures. The raupenleim is a German product, very dark in colour, with 

 a tarry odour and probably mixed with some tar preparation. The American 

 product is brown in colour, almost without odour, and without foreign admixture to 

 disguise its character or give it a specific smell. Raupenleim is largely used in Germany 

 to protect trees from the attacks of certain insects and to prevent their being injured by 

 stock or deer during the winter. The materials were tested comparatively for the purpose 

 of preventing borers from attacking fruit trees, and if possible to prevent their issuance 

 when already under the bark. Both materials can be readily applied with a paddle or 

 trowel and distributed by means of a stiff brush so as to make a tolerably even coating. 

 Experiments showed that it did not injure even young shoots where applied to the 

 bark only ; but where buds or growing tissue were covered it killed the buds and shoots 

 by choking the stomata. A young tree set out in 1894 was covered from the surface of 

 the ground to the buds without detracting from its vigour during the balance of the 

 season. It was applied upon an orchard of pear trees infested by the sinuate pear borer 

 and both materials prevented oviposition. The raupenleim absolutely prevented the 

 issuance of all the beetles maturing under the bark. The dendrolene did the same where 

 thoroughly applied. The raupenleim has a tendency to harden on the surface. This is a 

 good thing where it is intended to prevent beetles from issuing from the trees, but a bad 

 thing where it is intended to prevent insects from crawling up the trunk. The dendrolene 

 becomes very soft at high temperatures without running. This prevents insects from 

 crossing it ; but where it is applied thin it does not always form a barrier to insects 

 emerging through the bark. Its application is recommended as against the fruit bark- 

 beetle {Scolytus rugulosus), which can not emerge through it when already in the tree, 

 and can not enter the bark protected by a coating. It was also tested against peach, 

 borers, and both materials proved effective. 



