ENTOMOl.OlUrAL SOOlF.iY OK ONTARIO. 



lime. Tho ntvossity in citios or puUlio parks of rtpplying tho limo sit oonsiil(>riihlo 

 heights on tho trunks to prevent oontiiot with it on the part of piisaers-by rendered 

 many niaehines for its applioatioii inipraoticablo for his purpose, and ho had been oom- 

 pelled to employ ehietly paddles and trowels. Kuropean machines were found to be 

 crude and somewhat unsatisfactory. He said that in Europe the lime was oinployeil also 

 as a coating for egg masses to prevent the escape of the larvav The obji^ctiou to this 

 was that such egg masses were very apt to be broken open by squiri-t>Is and tht» larviu 

 thus enabled to escape at the proper time. He thought lime would be of value, pir- 

 ticularly against the canker-worm. He hsid found in certain instances that after lime 

 had been exposed on trees during sunnner and winter the following spring it was 

 still of a consistency to be of service. 



f^!T Mr. Smith said that the dendrolene referred to in his paper is entirely without 

 odour, whereas the European lime smells very strongly of tar. He was of the opinion 

 that this odour was given to the European pioduct to conceal its true composition. 



Mr. Davis had tried wool bands with parallel (>xperiments with raupenleim against 

 canker-worms, and found the latter successful in every instance ; but this could not bo 

 said of the wool bands. He had found liiue impracticable against cut-worms, many of 

 them crawling over it in the cool of the evening ; and it had not proved entirely satis- 

 factory against the peach borer, as the borers frotiuently emerged in spite of tl>e coating 

 of lime. 



Mr. Smith said that this would be very probably the case if the application were 

 made to the peach after the larv;e were in the tree, but that the application would be 

 more successful if used to deter the moth from ovipositing. 



Mr. South<\'ick said that in his experience he had found the tussock moth larv:w so 

 numerous that they had been able to crawl over the lime on account of mere numbars. 



Mr. Smith said tliis would not occur in the case of young larva\ 



Mr. Forbush said larva> would bridge over any band when very numerous, and that 

 such a result could only be prevented by visiting the bands and collecting at frequent 

 intervals the larvte accumulated beneath. 



]\Ir. Smith said that the American product referred to in his paper was less affected 

 by extremes of temperature than the European lime. He was convinced that in insect 

 lime we have a valuable means of defence against many insects, but that there was room 

 for considerable improvement at present. 



Mr. Forbush said that while he had discontinued it for other reasons, he believed 

 that there were great possibilities in the proper use of insect lime. 



Mr. Fernald, referring to the Russian lime, said that all the material probably came 

 originally from Oermany. 



Mr. Smith stated that the constituent elements of the lime very possibly came from 

 the oil regions of Kussia. 



Mr. Marlatt said the Department of Agriculture had received samples of this 

 raupenleim, and called attention to the very strong similaritj^ between this substance and 

 ordinary axle grease, both in odour and physical qualities, and suggested that the compo- 

 sition of the lime was probably very similar to that of axle grease. Ho said that in 

 applications to trees as against scale insects, and wherever applications were more gen- 

 erally made than by mere banding, the after eU'ect on the tree would probably bo disas- 

 trous, although it might not develop for some months. Experiments with other oils on 

 trees gave a strong probability in this direction. 



Mr. Smith said the insect limes would very probably turn out to be material similar 

 to axle grease. The dendrolene referred to by him was a Standartl Oil Company's {)ro- 

 duct, and would very likely appear under diflVrent names as coming from ditVerent houses, 

 although all would obtain their sup|)ly from the Standard Oil Company. As applied to 

 old bark, which had no vital function, subsequent injury need not be feared. 



