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the weight of the animal being more than that of man, the rela- 

 tive size of the brain is very small ; in the lowest human races 

 the cranial capacity is about 75 cubic inches, and the weight of 

 the body about 150 lbs. The variation in the size of the brain is 

 probably accompanied by a considerable variation in intelligence ; 

 in many of the lower mammals (as the carnivora) a similar range 

 of variation is observable. There were one or two new chimpan- 

 zee-like animals in this collection. In one female adult skull, 

 with a capacity of only 19 cubic inches, the teeth were in a con- 

 tinuous series as in man, whereas in all the anthropoid monkeys 

 there is normally an interval between the upper incisors and 

 canines for the reception of the lower canines ; this skull was 

 otherwise abnormal, and in man would be considered idiotic ; he 

 regarded this condition as entirely exceptional, and the result of 

 irregular and abnormal development of the jaws from some cause. 

 In a young gorilla which he had examined, the first dentition 

 was completed and partially shed, but yet the intermaxillary 

 bones were quite distinct ; in the chimpanzee they disappear as 

 separate bones during the first dentition, but much later in the 

 gorilla, which in this respect is lower than the former. In the 

 young gorilla, as in other anthropoid apes, there is no indentation 

 of the body at the waist ; the back also forms a regular curve, as 

 in the human foetus or new-born child ; this form is less noticeable 

 in the chimpanzee than in the gorilla. The body of the gorilla is 

 more embryonic than that of other animals in this respect, show- 

 ing that one part may remain embryonic while others go on in 

 development. The legs are short in comparison with the trunk. 

 In the young gorilla the forehead is well formed, and the anterior 

 cerebral lobes are over instead of behind the orbit, the latter being 

 the case in the adult. The ear comes nearest to the human ear, 

 in its helix, antihelix, tragus, antitragus, and lobule ; in the de- 

 scending scale, the lobule first disappears, and then the top 

 becomes pointed. In the hands the first phalangeal row is in- 

 volved in the web ; in his specimen the toes also were webbed. 

 The muscles are considerably modified from the human, and some 

 new ones are found ; in man the hands are only prehensile and 

 tactile, and the feet locomotive ; in apes the arms also become 

 locomotive, and less tactile and prehensory. The deltoid goes 

 lower down in gorilla than in man, and a lower portion goes to 



