PAPAVERACEH. 73 
- The tannins of Nymphwa are notable for yielding many 
secondary products, which’ have been individually found in 
other tannins, but their presence together has not been 
hitherto noted. Hllagic and gallic acids are easily obtained ; 
another substance, which rapidly absorbs oxygen from the 
air, and passes into a body of the nature of phlobaphene; and 
a second substance, which by similar absorption of oxygen 
_ passes into two bodies, or assumes two phases with properties 
_ similar to chlorophyll. 3 
The rhizome and seeds of Nympheea also contain resins; 
'. glucose, metarabin and fat, besides other substances common 
_ toplants. (W. Griining, Archiv. der Pharm. [3], XX., 582—605 
4q and 736—761; Pharm. Journ. [3], XIV., 49.) . 
_ Commerce.—The seeds are imported from Persia in large 
uantities as an article of diet. The fresh flowers are brought - 
to market in August for use in the temples. The dried flowers 
Sold in shops as Kamal are generally those of Nymphza. 
PAPAVERACEA. 
PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM, Linn. 
Fig.— Rng. Bot. 2145; Bentl, and Trim., t.18. Garden 
oppy (£ng.), Pavot somnifére (Fr.). ; 
: Hab.—Cultivated in India. The juice, capsules, petals and 
8eeds, ; 
_ Vernacular.—Opium, Afiyan, Afim (Hind.), Aphim, Appo | 
(Bomb.), Abini (Tam.). Poppy seed, Kashkésh (Hind.), Khas- 
‘Khas (Bomb.), Gashagasha ( Tam.). The capsules, Post (Hind., 
Bomb.), Postaka-tol (Tam.). a Le 
History, Uses, &c.—Opium is not mentioned by t 
er Hindu writers ; in works of later date it is nam 
skrit Ahiphena, If we trace the history of the di 
30 a em ' ae P eg oa 
