PAPAVERACEZ. 83 
collected and worked with cold distilled water, until it ceases 
_ to give the reaction for chlorides. The precipitated morphia 
. is then neutralized with hydrochloric acid, and the solution 
4 crystallised. The erystals are pressed, and mixed with twice 
their weight of water, and wood charcoal* added in the 
4 proportion of 2 oz. to each Ib. of the mass. This mixture is 
heated to 200° F, for about twenty minutes, and then filtered. 
_ On cooling the hydrochlorate of morphia separates in crystals. 
- Codeia is obtained from the mother liquor left after the | 
_ precipitation of the morphia by ammonia. The liquor is 
- concentrated to a moist mass and strongly pressed ; the cake 
_ is moistened with water and: again pressed, and this is repeated 
until the alkaloid is nearly white. The cake is broken up in 
water, and caustic potash added in considerable excess. The 
codeia separates in crystals slightly coloured. It is finally 
urified by crystallisation from alcohol. Narcotine is obtained 
y digesting with hydrochloric acid the insoluble residue left 
the action of water on opium, and precipitating with 
mmonia. The impure narcotine is purified by repeated © 
olution and crystallisation from alcohol, and decolorised by 
charcoal. 
_ The opium used in Western India is eG wh as Malwa; itis — 
collected in the province of that name, and, besides supplying 
ocal markets, is largely exported to China. The following 
ecount ofthe cultivation of the Poppy in Malwa is given by 
Dr. Impey, who resided there for three years:—‘ For the 
‘successful cultivation of opium, a mild climate, plentiful irriga- 
noderate, and range of the thermometer small. Opium is ae 
ways cultivated in ground near a tank or running stream, 
account of native prejudice against animal chareoal. 
n, -a rich soil, and diligent husbandry, are indispensable. 
