 BEXINER, - 149 
_ Kuropeans as a substitute for Chaulmugra, and has been used 
| in the Bombay Presidency with satisfactory results. 
Description.—The fruit is globose, about the size of an 
_ apple; it has a rough, thick, brown rind, externally suberous, 
internally woody, which is generally studded with large 
__ tubercles, but non-tubercular fruit may be found on most trees. 
_ Within are from ten to twenty obtusely angular seeds, 3 of 
_ an inch in length, embedded in a scanty white pulp firmly 
_ adherent to the thin black testa. When the pulp is scraped 
_ off, the outer. surface of the testa is seen to be rough and 
striated by shallow longitudinal grooves; it has not the 
: prominent ridges of H. venenata, Gartn. Fruct. i., t. 60. 
- Inside the shell is a copious oily albumen, containing two 
large, plain, heart-shaped, leafy cotyledons like those of 
Chaulmugra. The albumen, when fresh is white, but turns of 
a dark brown colour in the dry seeds; the odour resembles 
that of Chaulmugra. 
_ Microscopie structure.—The testa and albumen present the 
: same appearance as those of the Chaulmugra seed. 
Chemical composition.—The seeds contain about 44 per 
cent. of oil, which has an odour and colour similar to that of 
Chaulmugra oil; anda sp. gr. of 85° F. of :9482. A large 
_ quantity in stoek for more than 12 months did not give any 
__ crystalline fatty deposit. Treated with sulphuric acid the oil 
__ affords the gynocardic acid reaction, but in a less degree than 
_ Chaulmugra. 
: Commerce.—The seeds are not an article of trade, but if — 
ordered, may be obtained at about half the price of those of 
Chaulmugra, The oil has been sold in Madras at As. 2-6 per 
seer. : 
BIXA ORELLANA, Linn. 
Fig.—Rumph., Amb IT.,19; Bot. Mag. 1456. Anni 
(Eng.), Rocouyer (Fr.). 
