gg ee 
FLACOURTIA CATAPHRACTA, Rovb. 
Fig.—Rumph. Amb., Cap. 43, p. 38; XIX.,t. 1,2. Many-. : 
spined Flacourtia (Eng.), Prunier d’ Inde (Fr.). ‘@ 
Hab.—India. Commonly cultivated. The fruit. 
Vernacular.—Pani-aonvala ( Hind.) , Jaggam (Port.), Tambat q 
(Mar.), Panidla (Beng.). . 2 
History, Uses, &c.—tThis is the Préchinémalaka of : 
Sanskrit writers; it appears to be doubtful whether it is @ a 
native of India, as it is generally met with in a cultivated state. — 
_ The author of the Makhzan-el-Adwiya speaks of two kinds of 
Paniala, one cultivated and the other wild. He describes the 
fruit as being like a plum, but differing from it in having 5 i 
6 stones instead of one, and suggests that this difference mayi 
be due to the impurity of the atmosphere of Bengal operating: 
upon the plum tree of Persia. The Bombay name Jaggam 
appears to be a corruption of Jangomas. Dalzell and Gibson 
consider the tree to be truly wild in the Southern Concan. 
The fruit is recommended as useful in bilious conditions; and P 
like most acid fruits, it no doubt relieves the nausea and checks — 
purging. It is the sizeof a plum, purple, and acid ; indehiscents 
with a hard endocarp ; seeds 5 to 6, obovoid; testa coriaceous 5 
cotyledons orbicular, | 
the Malabar Coast, 
