160: * ~TAMARIRGINER. 
_ Hab.—Asia, Europe, Africa. The galls and manna. ) 
¢ Vernacular. —The galls, Barrf Main. (Hind.), Samrat-ut-Tu hg 
fah (Arab.), Magiya-main (Bomb.), Gazbar, Gazmézti (Pers 
the manna, Gazangab{n and Gazanjabin (Arab., Pers., In 
History, Uses, &e. —This small tree or bush is wide 
distributed in Tnrcue. Africa, and Asia. Dioscorides, spea 
ing of wupien says that in Egypt and Syria it bears a seed li 
gedlnni, which is used as an astringent. “(1.5 101.) 
ealls the same. tree Tamarica (24, 41). It. is the Tamarix | 
Columetla (8, 15). Nicander calls the Tamarix favrw (prophetic e 
The Apollo of Lesbos is represented with a branch of the | 
_ inhis-hand. The Persian Magi also prophesied with a b: 
m their hands. Herodotus and Pliny mention’a similar w 
of the Tamarix, In Sanskrit it is called Shavuka, and 
Hindustsni Jhau. The galls have probably long been 
Northern India as a substitute for the true gall. The man 
not produced i in India, but in Persiaand Arabia; in the mo 
of June it drops from the tree, and is collected. In Per 
is described as a dew which falls upon this and other tr 
_ notably the willow and oak, andbecomes solidified. The Hak 
consider the manna to be detergent, aperient, and expect 
“Ttis probably the dporoueks of Galen. In- modern medi 
manna isstill used as a laxative ; it slightly increases the 
~~ of the bowels, causing more frequent and softer stools wi 
-. irritation. Its Sweet taste’ makes it, acceptable to child 
The galls like those of the oak contain tannic and gallic ac 
- - and may ‘be used as an eerenc va. in the same 1 TAR as | 
. ai (See Quercus.) 
. ‘Description.— The walls. are much. emaller ee 
: ote eet and knotty; in the ceatre is a cavity 
liquefy and form a thick yellow fluid like honey 
produced ian Tenet Nie and oak, in cons 
